INDEX. 



981 



Vaccimum uliginosnm, and Exobisidiiim 

 Vaccina, Ü. 526. 



autumnal tints, L 490. 



nectaries, ii. 175, 



stamen, ii. 91. 



VaccLuium Vitis-Idsea, and animals. L 432. 



and Eiobasidium Vaccinii, ii. 526. 



and MelampsoraGcBppertiauft, ii.525. 



poUon-sprinkliug, ii. 224. 



shade and growth, ii. 506. 



water-collecting and -absorbing or- 

 gans, i. 231. 

 Vacuole, ceutnü, i. 41. 



— systole and diastole, i. 30. 

 Vacuoles, pubating. i. 31. 

 Vagina, of leaf, i. 595. 



Valerian, WUdl See Valeriana officinalis. 

 Valeriana, imperfect flowers, ii. 2?1 



— leaf size and vertical height, i. 2S7. 



— massing of flowers, ii. 1S6. 



— scent, ii. 202. 4SS. 



Valeriana dioica, imperfect flowers, ii. £95. 



protogyny. ii. 312. 



Valeriana globulariaefolia, nectary, ii. 178. 

 Valeriana montana, aotbocyanin, i. 520. 



&c., distribution of seies, ii. 29S. 



nectary, ii. 178. 



Valeriana officinali5,cross-fertilization,ü. 307. 



flower, ii 178, 289- 



fruit, ii. 432. 



A'aleriana Phu, elevation and coloration, 



iL 511. 

 Valeriana polygama, protogynous, ii. 312. 

 Valeriana saiatilis, scent, ii- 202. 

 Valeriana simplicifoUa, elevation and col- 

 oration, ii. 511. 



imperfect flowers, il. 295. 



Valeriana tripteris. anthocyanin, i. 520. 



plumed fruits, ii. 857- 



protogynous, ii. 312. 



Valeriana tuberosa. store roots, L 760. 

 Valerianace». ii. 765. 



— dichogamy in, ii. 312. 

 Valerianella Auricula, autogamy, ii. 351. 

 Valerianella carinata. autogamy, ii. 351. 



doubling through gall-mite, Ü. 549. 



mite-galls, ii. 523. 



Valerianella dentata, prot^^gynoua, IL 310. 

 Valerianic acid, ii. 202. 

 Valerian scent, ii. 202. 

 Vallisoeria, dioecious, ii. 299. 



— flower-stalk, i. 53. 



— pollen dispersion, il. 105. 



— venation, i. 636. 



Vallisneria altemifolia. pollination, ii. 133. 

 Vallisneria spiralis, i. 667. 



and heat. i. 564. 



flowers and pollination, ii. 132- 



Valoniaceie, thallus characteristics, iL 646. 

 Valonias, colonies, L 5S5. 

 Vallate dehiscence of poUen-sacs, ii. 93. 

 Vancla cterulea, duration of flowering, ii. 214. 

 Vanda teres, seed-dispersal, ii. 862. 



seeds and hygroscopic hairs, ii. 859. 



Vanessa Urtioe, larvae on nettles, L 442. 



Vanilla, scent, ü. 200. 



Vanilla Orehid, ii. 738. 



Variation, effect of habitat on, i. 334. 



— possible factors in, iL 593. 



— Btmctural. i. 8. 

 Variegation, causes of, i. 285. 



Varnish excreting cells, distinctive features, 

 L237. 



— protective coating, L 353. 

 Vamiah-like covering of epidermis, composi- 

 tion, restrictive of transpiration, L 312. 



Vascular bundle, strengthening of, i. 725. 

 Vascalar bundles, in leaf and stem, i. 619. 

 Vascular bundle-sheath. L 469- 

 Vascular Crypt^igams, alternation of genera- 

 tions, L 709. 



common characteristic ii. 67. 



Pala.'ozoic remains, ii. 612. 



— — sexual reproductive organs, ii. 62. 



two generations distinct, ii. 474. 



Vascular tissue and transpiration, L 347, 362. 

 Vaucheria, PI. L, iL 57. 



Vaucheria, chlorophyll granules, i. 373. 



— cilia of. i. 29- 



— colonies, L 5S5. 



— conditions favourable to development of 



sexual organs, ii. 644- 



— germination, i. 575- 



— Klebs' experiments, ii. 482. 



— sporangium and spore, ii. 17. 

 Vaucheria clavata. as mud collector, L 267. 

 motion of swarm-spore, i. 24. 



structure and behaviour towards light, 



L383. 



zoospore-fomiation, ii. 645. 



Vaucheria sessilis, fertilization, ii. 53. 



Vaucheriacea;, ii. 643. 



Vega expedition, temperature observations, 



i. 547. 

 Vegetable and animal bodies, analogies, i. 591 . 



— kingdom, divisions, ii. 617. 



— mould, conditions of formation, i. 263. 

 Vegetable Sheep. See Haastia. 

 Vegetation, at mouths of drains, i. 105. 



— characteristics on sea-shore, L 390. 



— coal period, i. 636. 



— lines of, ü. 881. 



— marine, vertical zone, i. 387. 



— mountain limits, i. 527. 



— of heaths and moors, indigestibility, i. 432. 

 Vegetative cell, of pollen-grain, ii. 420. 



— propagation, ii. 790. 



lengths of runners, ii. 802. 



various causes, ii- 459. 



Vella spinosa, spines, i. 444, 449- 

 Velum, of Isoetes, Ü. 716. 



— partiale, of Agaricine«, ii. 689. 



— universale, of Agaricineaj, ii. 689. 

 Velvety, texture, i. 320. 



Venation, importance in Palieo-botany, i. 635. 



— specific constancy, i. 635. 



— of leaf, terminology, i. 629 et seq. 



— of leaves, i. 631. 



Venetian lagoons, vegetation, ii. 104. 

 Ventilation-canals, functions of, L 63. 

 Ventral canal-cell, in Gymnosperms. iL 419. 

 Ventral suture, of follicle, &c., ii. 430. 

 Venus's Fly-trap. See Dionaa museipula. 



— Looking-glass. See Spteularia speculum. 

 Veratrum, hermaphrodite and staminate 



flowers, ii. 297. 

 Veratrum album, grooving of leaf, i. 96. 



odoxirless, i. 431. 



Verbascum, edible staminal hairs, ii. 170. 



— hairs and animals, i. 442. 



— hybrid flower colour, ii. 567. 



— hybrids, ii. 585. 



— leaves and light, i. 410. 



— sterility of hybrids, ii. 571. 

 Verbascum Austriacum, and bud-galls of 



Cecidomyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum Blattaria, nectaries. iL 177. 



corolla and autogamy, ii. 367. 



Verbascum Lychnitis, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci, ii. 544. 



Verbascum nigrum, and bud-galls of Ceci- 

 domyia Verbasci. iL 544. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



Verbascum olympicum, hairs, i. 324. 



Verbascum phlomoides, i. 97. 



method of water-conduction, i. 96. 



stomatal protective hairs, i. 292. 



Verbascum phoenicum, nectaries, ii. 177. 



Verbascum pulverulentum. deciduous pro- 

 tective branched hairs, i. 354. 



Verbascum thapsiforme, hairs, i. 322. 



Verbascum Thapsus, autogamy, ii. 350. 



function of woolly hairs, L 227. 



stomatal protective hairs, L 292. 



tea. i. 443. 



Verbascum verulentum, hairs, L 324. 



Verbena oflicinalis, honey protection, ii. 241. 



Verbenaceic, ii. 771. 



Vernation, crumpled. L 349. 



— in relation to transpiration, L 348. 



— of pinnate leaves, i. 350. 



— plaited, i. 349. 



Veronica, opening of flower, iL 212. 



Veronica, protogynous, ii. 311. 



— seed dispereed by rain, ii. 846. 



— stamens oa insect platform, ii. 225. 

 Veronica alpina, weather and autogamy, iL 



391. 

 Veronica Anagallis, extremes of growth, iL 

 500. 



leaves, aerial and submerged, iL 501. 



Veronica Beccabunga, habit and tempera- 

 ture, ii. 503. 



Veronica bellidioides, weather and autoga- 

 my, iL 391. 



Veronica chamwdrj'S and gaUs of Cecidomyia 

 Veronica), ii. 547. 



elevation of petioles, i. 419. 



inflorescence, ii. 226. 



insects and pollen, ii. 245. 



weather and autogomy, iL 391. 



Veronica hederifolia, origin of flower-stalk, 

 i. 737. 



Veronica maritima, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica officinalis, elevation of petioles, L 

 419. 



gall-mitesanddoublingof flowers, ii.553L 



honey protection, ii. 241. 



Veronica pollita, light and growth, ii. 508. 



Veronica prsecox, anthocyanin, i. 512. 



Veronica saiatilis, gall-mites and flower 

 metamorphosis, ii. 548. 



Veronica scutellata, weaving habit, L 674. 



Veronica spicata, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Veronica spuria, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



Verrucaria calciseda, heat resistance, i. 554. 



Vemicaria purpurascens, heat resistance, L 

 554. 



Versatile anther, iL 90. 



of Grasses, ii. 141. 



Verticillatte, general characteristics, ii. 646. 



Verticordia oculata, seed-<li8persal, ii. 855. 



Vervain. See Verbena officinalis. 



Vessels, absence in seedling of Cuscuta, L 172. 



— in young Orobanche, L 184. 



— laticiferous, i. 470. 



— nature of, i. 46. 



— size, L 362. 



— spiral, L 471. 



— various, L 469- 



Vetch. Bitter. See Orobus vemus. 



Vetches, S. Europe, phyllodes, L 335. 



Viburnum lantana, behaviour of stamens, L 

 740. 



deciduous stellate hairs, i. 354. 



geitonogamy. ii. 326. 



scent. Ü. 200. 



texture of mite-gall, ii. 533. 



unfolding leaves, i. 349. 



Viburnum Lentago, i. 48S. 



Viburnum Opulus, geitonogamy, ii. 326. 



peripheral flowers. iL 187. 



scent, ii. 200. 



water- absorption, direct from atmo- 

 sphere, i. 238. 



Vicia, how protected, i. 451. 



— keel movements and pollen-brush, ii. 252. 



— seeds and heat, i. 555. 



— tendrils, i. 693. 



Vicia amphicarpa, cleistogamy, ii. 393. 

 Vicia Cracca, elevation and coloration, ii. 511. 

 Vicia dumetorum, seed protection, iL 446. 

 ViciaFaba, colour-contrast of flowers, iL 189. 

 Vicia Melanops. ii. 190. 

 Vicia picta, ii. 190. 



Vicia pisiformis, seed protection, ii. 446. 

 Vicia sepium, elevation and coloration, ii.5lL 

 Vicia sylvatica, seed protection, iL 446. 

 Victoria regia, anthocyanin. L 521. 



colour contrast of flower, ii. 190. 



in the River Amazon. PI. XI. 



leaf and transpiration, i. 2^. 



position of stomata on leaves, L 280. 



prickles, i. 433, 



protective isolation by water, iL 234. 



size of flowers, ii. 185. 



venation, i. 636. 



Vienna, time of flowering, i. 518. 

 Villaraia, allurement by petals, Ü. 17L 



— leaf-rosettes, i. 412. 



