CONTEXTS. 



4. The Distribution of Species. 



P.igc 

 The Distribution of Species by Offshoots, - 790 

 The Dispersion of Species by means of Friiits 



and Seeds, ----- 833 



Limits of Distribution, 



Plant Communities and Floras, - 



5. The Extinction of Species, ■ 



rage 



- 878 



- 885 



- 899 



CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS FOLLOWED IN 

 THIS WORK. 



Phylum 1. — Mtxothallophtta. 

 AUiance 1. — Myxomycetes, 



Phylum 2. — Thallophyta. 



618 



- S20 



Class I.— Schizophyta, 



Alliance 2. — Cyanophycese, the Blue-green 

 Algse, ------- 621 



Alliance 3. — Schizomycetes, the Bac- 

 teria, 622 



Class II. — Dinoflagellata, Peridineae, - - 625 



Alliance 4, ----- - 625 



Class III. — Bacillariales, . - - - 625 

 Alliance 5, - 625 



Class IV. — Gamophycese, - - - - 627 



Sdb-class I. — Chlorophycese, the Green 



Alg», ------- 627 



Alliance 6. — Protococcoideae, - - - 628 



Do. 7. — Siphonese, - - - - 641 



Do. 8.^Confervoide8e, - - - 648 



Do. 9. — Conjugatae, - - - - 654 



Do. 10.— Charales, - - - - 659 



Do. 11. — Phseophycese, - - - 661 



Do. 12.— Dictyotales, - - - 666 



Do. 13. — Floridese, Red Sea-weeds, - 666 



Class V.— Fungi, - - - - - 668 



Sub-class I. — Phycomycetes, - - - 668 



AUiance 14. — Oomycetes, - - - 668 



Do. 15.^ — Zygomycetes, - - - 673 



Sdb-class II. — Mesomycetes, . - - 674 



Alliance 16, 674 



Do. 17, 674 



Sdb-class III. — Mycomycetes, - - - 676 

 Alliance 18, 676 



Do. 19, 684 



Additional Group of Fungi, Lichenes, - 691 



PhYLDM 3. — ARCHE00NIAT.ä:. 



Class I. — Bryophyta,- - - - - 696 



Alliance 20. — Hepaticse, Liverworts, - 696 



Do. 21.— Musci, Mosses, - - - 699 



Class II. — Pteridophyta, Vascular Crypto- 

 gams, ------- 704 



Alliance 22.— Filices, Ferns, - - - 705 



Do. 23. — Hydropterides, Rhizocarps, 709 



Do. 24. — Equisetales, Horsetails, - 711 



Do. 25. — Lycopodiales, Club-mosses, 713 



Phylum 4. — Phanerogamia, Flowerino 

 Plants. 



