PLANTS WITH TRAPS AND PITFALLS TO ENSNARE ANIMALS. 127 
Oregon to Mount Shasta. In both of these the liquid with an acid reaction, which 
fills the bottom of each utricle, is certainly only secreted by the cells in the interior 
of the cavity itself, and it is quite impossible that a single drop of the rain or dew 
deposited upon the plant should reach the interior of the cavity. The hollow 
petiole is in both plants, above mentioned, utricular or tubular, and only slightly 
mt 
Fig. 21.—Ascidia-bearing and Pitcher-plants. 
1 Sarracenia variolaris. = Darlingtonia Californica. 3 Sarracenia laciniata. + Nepenthes villosa, reduced to one-half 
natural size. 
enlarged towards the top. The dorsal side of each leaf is, however, at its upper 
end hollowed out like a cowl or a helmet, and forms a cupola as is shown in 
fig. 21* and 21°. The orifice or entrance into the utricle is consequently covered 
„over and is reduced to a slit or hole under the hood. The lamina is trans- 
formed into a lobe, which in Sarracenia variolaris is small and roofs over the 
orifice of the utricle, and in Darlingtonia is shaped like the tail of a fish, 
and hangs down in front of the aperture. The lower part of the utricle is of a 
uniform green colour, but the upper part (ü.e. the cupola and lobe-like appendage) 
has red ribs and veins, and here and there is quite purple. Between the veins the 
