160 CLASSIFICATION OF PARASITES. 
imbedded in regular grooves in the cortex, ought not to be considered as parasites. 
The Lonicera ciliosa of North America, represented in fig. 31, may be taken as an 
example of creepers of this kind. They only interfere with the conduction of the 
constructive materials generated in the green foliage, preventing, in particular, the 
part of the axis below the strangulating coils from being supplied with those 
materials; and so at last they cause the whole trunk, which serves as their support, 
to dry up. The assertion may then be made that the young tree assailed has been 
strangled or throttled by the creeper, but not that the latter has drained it of juices 
and adapted them to its own use. Still less would the statement be applicable to 
the numerous brown and red sea-weeds, which settle upon the ramifications of the 
great species of Sargasswm, or of the innumerable Diatomacex, which often entirely 
