202 BROOM-RAPES, BALANOPHOREX, RAFFLESIACE2. 
from them; but, in the one case the flowers belong to a foreign parasite living 
under the cortex and have broken through it, whereas in Mezereon it is the 
flowers of the plant itself that have unfolded. In the case of Pilostyles 
Haussknechtii, which is parasitic on the low bushy tragacanth shrubs of the 
Persian plateaus, the buds are formed regularly on both sides of the leaf-bases of 
the host, so that at the insertion of every one of the older foliage-leaves, one finds 
a pair of buds, which subsequently expand into flowers (see fig. 43’). 
Fig. 44.—Parasitic Rafflesiacea (Brugmansia Zipellii) upon a Cissus-root. 
Throughout the species of Apodanthes and Pilostyles the flowers are small— 
about the size of elder, jasmine, or winter-green blossoms—and by no means 
conspicuous. But this is not the case in the genera Brugmansia and Raffesia. 
The Brugmansias, indigenous to Borneo and Java, have very handsome flowers, 
as may be seen in the above drawing, which represents on the natural scale 
Brugmansia Zipellii parasitic upon the root of a Cissus. But in magnitude they 
are far surpassed by the flowers of the Rafllesie, one of which, viz.: Rafflesia 
Arnoldii, may be described as actually the largest flower in the world. When 
open it has a diameter of 1 meter, a dimension exceeding even that of the gigantic 
blooms of South American aristolochias. At the period of emergence of the buds 
of Rafflesia Arnoldi from the roots of the vines which serve them as hosts, they 
