86 Compositae. 



y.,—LAPSANA. 



LAPSA'NA COMMU'NIS (no). Nipplewort. 7—9. Achenes com- 

 (825) pressed, pappus none, involucre of one row of bracts with smaller ones 

 at the base, flowers panicled small yellow, peduncles slender, radical 

 leaves somewhat lyrate, cauline leaves ovate dentate. Waste places. 



Xl.—CICHORIUM. 



CICHOR'IUM IN'TYBUS (63). Chicory. 7—10. Pappus shorter than 



(823) the achene sessile of scales, involucre of 8 scales united at the base with 



5 outer smaller scales, stem 1—3 ft. high branched, flowers large blue, 



lower leaves runcinate, upper leaves amplexicaul oblong or lanceolate. 



Fields and waste places. 



The C. Endivia of gardens is the common Endive used as a salad. 



-^W.— ARCTIUM. 



ARCTIUM LAP'PA. (91). Burdock. 2-8. Achenes 4-sided, pappus hairy, 

 (794 receptacle chaffy, involucre globose — the scales provided with hooks, 

 -797) leaves large petiolate cordate, flowers smali purple. Waste places. 



Xlll.—SERRATULA. 



SERRAT'ULA TINCTO'RIA (64). Saw-wort, 8—9. Achenes obo- 

 (814) vate compressed glabrous, pappus pilose in several rows shortest on the 

 outside, receptacle chaffy, bracts of the involucre straight imbricated, 

 leaves pinnatifid finely serrate, flowers small purple. Copses, etc. 



XIV.— CARD C/C/S. 



Leaves with prickly teeth, involucre of many imbricated narrow rigid 

 acuminate or spiny bracts, achenes glabrous, pappus-hairs simple united into 

 a ring at the base deciduous. 



Pappus-hairs rough, 375 



Pappus -hairs feathery, 377 



375 Heads large solitary, 378 



375 Heads small clustered, 376 



376 Bracts broad, C. tenuiflorus. 



376 Bracts slender, C. crispus. 



377 Stem grooved more or less cottony, 379 ^ — r 



377 Stem wmged, . 380 - ^.i^^^^^ ^ -T 



378 Bracts lanceolate, C. nutans. 



378 Bracts leafy recurved, C. Marianus. 



379 Heads many ^—\ in. diameter, ... C. arvensis. 



379 Heads few i^— I in. diameter, 381 



