88 Compositae. 



Car'duus praten'sis (47). 6 — 8. Stem 10-18 in. cottony not winged, leaves 

 (805) few soft lanceolate toothed, flower-heads i^ — i^ in. diameter usually 

 solitary, involucre cottony, bracts adpressed mucronate or acuminate. 



[M. Wl. C. CI. 



Car'duus acau'lis {42). 7 — 9. Usually stemless with one ovoid glabrous 

 {808) flower-head, leaves radical lanceolate rigid spinous. 



[M. Rg. T. Tb. L. Wl. C. CI. 



XV. — ONOPORDIUM. 



ONOPOR'DIUM ACAN'THIUM (60). Cotton Thistle. 7—9. Stem 

 (811) 2—5 ft. high broadly winged, involucre swollen with many imbricated 



spreading spinous bracts, heads purple i^ — 2 in. diameter, achenes 



obovate compressed 4-ribbed. Dry waste places.. 



XVI.—CARLINA. 



CARLI'NA VULGA'RIS (77). Carline Thistle. 6—10. Stem 6— 18 



(793) i"^- without wings many-flowered, outer bracts leafy prickly toothed 

 spreading, inner long narrow yellowish shining forming a sort of ray, 

 leaves pinnatifid waved spinous-toothed downy beneath, heads purple 

 I — 1^ in. diameter. Dry fields. 



XVll.—CENTAUREA. 



Corollas all tubular 2-lipped or oblique, outer usually larger without 



stamens or pistil and forming a sort of ray, involucre ovoid or globose, 



bracts adpressed imbricated often fringed, pappus pilose of short hairs or 

 scaly. 



Leaves entire, 384 



Leaves pinnatifid, 385 



384 Outer florets purple, ...... C. nigra. 



384 Outer florets blue, . . . . . . C. Cyanus. 



385 Involucral bracts ending in long stout prickles, . . C. Calcitrapa. 

 385 Involucres not prickly, ...... C Scabiosa. 



CENTAU'REA NI'GRA (no). Black Knapweed. 6—9. Bracts of 

 (816) the involucre with a broad brown or black fringe, heads purple i — i^ 

 in. diameter, upper leaves lanceolate, lower leaves lyrate rough 



Meadozas. 



CENTAU'REA CYA'NUS (90). Corn Blue-bottle. 6—8. Leaves 

 (8 1 8) linear lanceolate, lower leaves toothed, margins of bracts pectinate, 



florets of disk small purple, floret of ray large bright blue spreading 



Cornfields. Fig. p. 85. 



