238 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



two largest lateral spots and the lowest ventral one, have each a 

 black central wart emitting a short whitish bristle ; the 2nd, 3rd, 

 9th, 10th, 11th, and I2th segments are principally spotted on 

 the lateral region ; the head is black, with white spots at the 

 mouth ; the legs and claspers are black. During the first stage 

 the larvae fed upon both birch and whitethorn, and appeared to 

 prefer the latter if one more than the other. The first moult 

 occurred on May 31st. 



Fig. 3. — Before second moult, twenty-one days old, it mea- 

 sures 3^ in. long; the ground colour is lilac-brown with fine 

 white longitudinal lines running the entire length, which are 

 dorsal, sub-dorsal, super-spiracular, and sub-spiracular ; on the 

 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th segments are six lemon-yellow spots 

 (three on each side), and of the same form as in the previous 

 stage, one being dorsal and forming a transverse mark, the other 

 two on the spiracular line, one elongate transversely, the second 

 round, and each having the black central wart emitting a short 

 hair as in the previous stage ; the head, legs, and remaining 

 details being likewise similar. It rests in a straight attitude, 

 with the head slightly bowed, and the first three anterior segments 

 slightly arched, thereby drawing together the two first pairs of 

 legs ; a silk cord from the mouth is attached to the stem while 

 resting. The second moult took place on June 6th. 



Fig. 4. — Before third moult, when twenty-six days old, it 

 is XB- in. long ; the body is of uniform thickness and cylindrical ; 

 the ground colour is whitish with a Hlac-grey tinge, becoming 

 yellowish shortly before moulting; it is chequered with black 

 markings that are arranged in longitudinal bands, which are 

 medio-dorsal, sub-dorsal, super-spiracular, and spiracular ; the 

 spiracular row is formed principally of conspicuous black blotches, 

 commencing on the 4th and ending on the 11th segments; 

 immediately below these markings is a series of bright light 

 yellow markings running the entire length; the dorsal markings, 

 as in the previous stage, are also bright yellow ; the ventral sur- 

 face is similarly coloured and lined as on the dorsal region, but 

 rather uniformly darker ; the head, legs, and claspers are grey, 

 speckled and streaked with black. It generally rests in a 

 straightened attitude. The third moult happened on June 11th, 

 and directly after moulting the ground colour is a light olive- 

 yellow ; all the markings are as in the previous stage, but 

 brighter and more clearly defined ; the head, legs, claspers, and 

 anal segment are all of a clear pinkish-white speckled with pale 

 olive, the colouring of these parts remaining such but for a short 

 time.^ The cast skin is not eaten by the larva of this species. 



Fig. 5. — Before fourth moult, thirty-two days old, it mea- 

 sures Y% in. As in the previous stage it is cylindrical, and of 

 uniform thickness throughout ; the ground colour is pale prim- 

 rose-yellow ; the longitudinal bands, which are outlined with fine 



