92 ENTOMOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE. 
fact to resemble the cells in a miniature bee-hive.* In other 
orders I am only aware of this social instinct in the following 
instances. Reaumur states of the caterpillars of the processionary 
Moths, which reside in large common tents or nests, ‘‘ C’est dans 
leur nid que ces chenilles doivent perdre leur forme et devenir 
chrysalides ;” and that those of the destructive Yponomeuta Evony- 
mella, which reside in a similar web, construct their cocoons “a 
un des bouts de leur dernier nid.” In the first part of the Trans- 
actions of the Entomological Society, I published an account of a 
gregarious species of Butterfly from Mexico, in which the chrysa- 
lides are arranged within the nest formed by the caterpillars, and 
which very nearly resembles that of some wasps; and in my memoir 
upon the Pomegranate Butterfly of the East Indies, also published 
in the same Transactions, I described the social peculiarities of that 
insect, the chrysalides of which are placed in society within the 
fruit, previous to arriving at which state the caterpillars must have 
made their way to the outside of the fruit, and spun the web 
(probably in common) which supports the fruit to the stem and 
prevents its falling, and then returned into the fruit. But a much 
more analogous instance of this socialism was described by me in 
the ninth volume of the ‘“‘ Magazine of Natural History,” in which a 
mass of the cocoons of the [lithyia sociella (between two and three 
hundred in number, if not indeed considerably more) was found in 
the hollow stump of an acacia-tree. The mass measured about 
5 inches in length and 2+ inches in diameter, the outer covering 
consisting of a thin layer of floss-silk. I have also seen a nearly 
similar compact congregation of the cocoons of the honey-moth, 
Galleria cereana, which feeds in the hive of the honey-bee. 
The other insect described by Mr. Curtis was a Brazilian wasp, 
which forms a long truncated conical nest, similar to those figured 
by Reaumur, but having the outside of the nest coated with a fine 
earth or sand. Hitherto those wasps which construct their nests 
of sand have been found to be only solitary in their habits, not 
forming regular combs; all the social species which build combs 
on the contrary being card-makers. Unfortunately Mr. Curtis 
had not cut his nest open, so that it is impossible to determine the 
condition of the interior. Such a difference of habits must, how-- 
ever, most probably involve a difference of structure in the man- 
* Reaumur Meni., tom. ii. pl. xxxv. figs. 7 and 8 ; Mod. Class. of Ins. ii. p. 149, fig. 
Ixxvi. 17. 
