50 MICHIGAN SURVEY, 1905. 



with the Beaked Hazel and Mountain Maple, forming dense thickets that 

 are almost impenetrable, and in exposed situations, particularly about the 

 shores of the island, with the Mountain Ash. Less conspicuous forms in 

 the undergrowth are the Twin Flower, Rattle Snake Plantain, Dwarf Cornel, 

 Mitella nuda, Coptis trifolia, Clintonia borealis, Lycopodium annotinum 

 and clavatum, and Chiogenes hispidida. The birds are represented chiefly 

 •by the Nuthatch, Brown Creeper, and the Downy, Hairy, Arctic Three-toed 

 and Pileated Woodpeckers; the molluscs by Pyramidula striatella, Zonitoides 

 arborea, and Vitrea hinneyana; the reptiles by Storeria occipitomaculata; 

 the amphibians by the common toad, Biifo americanus, and the mammals 

 by the Canada Lynx, Hudson Bay Red Squirrel, Canadian White-footed 

 Mouse and Hudson Bay Varying Hare. 



Station III. Top of Greenstone Range. Toward the top of the slope the 

 White Spruce decreases in abundance and the Balsam Fir and Birches become 

 associated on the top of the ridge with a large predominance of Sugar Maple. 

 This forest extends as a narrow strip along the top of the ridge and contains 

 the only Sugar Maples observed on the island. The undergrowth is essen- 

 tially the same as in the Balsam Fir and Spruce forest of the slopes, and the 

 only difference in the fauna is the greater development of molluscs; the 

 forms collected are Pyramidula striatella, P. striatella alba and alternata, Zoni- 

 toides arborea, exigua and milium, Vitrea binneyana, Euconulus fulvus 

 and E. chersinus polygyratus, and Sphyradium edentulum among the fallen 

 leaves, and Vertigo gouldii, Punctum pygmaeum, Carychium exile and Vitrina 

 limpida in the damp humus in the small ravines. Other forms that may 

 be listed here, although they also occur in the Balsam Fir and Spruce forest, 

 are Storer's Snake (Storeria occipitomaculata), the garter snakes, Thamnophis 

 sirtalis sirtalis and T. sirtalis parietalis, and the grasshoppers, Tettix acadicus 

 and Ceuthophilus seclusus. 



Station IV. Washington Creek. The conditions represented here are 

 similar to those which prevail on the head waters of the rivers and along 

 the small streams. Where the valley is narrow (near the mouth. Section 

 32) the forms of the slope forest extend nearly to the waters edge, being 

 separated from it by a narrow zone of Hoary Alder, Equisetum arvense, 

 Caltha palustris, Vagnera trifolia, Rhamnus alnifolia and various grasses 

 and sedges. Up stream. Section 28, the valley is wider, and the coniferous 

 forest of the slope is separated from the stream by a considerable develop- 

 ment of bog forms. The arboreal vegetation consists of the Arbor Vitae, 

 Tamarack and Black Spruce, with an undergrowth of Coptis trifolia, Chiogenes 

 hispidula, Linnaea borealis, Lycopodium clavatum and obscurum, and a thick 

 carpet of Sphagnum and other mosses. 



There is practically no aquatic flora, and the only aquatic animals found 

 were Pisidium, too 3^oung to identify. 



. The molluscs collected in the bog society are Pyramidula striatella, Zoni- 

 toides arborea and exigua, Vitrea binneyana, Acanthinula harpa, Vertigo 

 gouldii, Agriolimax campestris and Pallifera hemphilli. 



Station V. Tamarack Swamp. On Section 20, T. 64 N., R. 38 W._, in 

 the valley of the small stream draining into Huginnins Cove, the bog society 

 attains a considerable development. The Tamarack is the principal tree 

 and is associated with the Balsam Fir, Black Spruce and Black Ash. The 

 undergrowth consists of the Dwarf Dogwood, Chiogenes hispidula and Coptis 

 trifolia on a thick mat of Sphagnum and other mosses. The molluscs found 

 here are Zonitoides exigua, Z. arborsa and milium-, Vitrea binneyana, Eucomdus 

 fulvus, Vertigo gouldii, Pyramidula striatella and Euconulus chersinus poly- 



