158 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION. 
7. Accommodation, Cooperation, and Antictpation. 
There are three spheres in which it is evident that progressive 
adaptation for beneficent action may take place, commencing with the 
smallest beginnings in the lowest organisms and progressing through 
each higher stage of evolution till the widest reaches are attained. 
These three spheres are accommodational action (whether tentative 
or directly discriminative), co perative action, and antictpatory action. 
Power for action in these spheres is characteristic of the realm of 
life, and is manifested in higher and higher efficiency till accommo- 
dation tries to prove all things, holding fast that which is good; and 
codperation, associated with division of labor and community of 
interest, reaches out to include in its beneficence the living universe ; 
and anticipation, pressing forward in its unbounded aspirations and 
ideals, becomes the ever-advancing influence of foresight and predic- 
tion in the activities of the highest beings. 
8. Increasing Recognition of Autonomic Factors. 
It will be observed that throughout the whole process of evolution 
there are two classes of factors, of which one class may be called hete- 
ronomic, in that they are subject to change through change in activi- 
ties lying outside of the group of organisms concerned, while the other 
class may be called autonomic, in that they are controlled by changes 
within the group of organisms. In the theory of evolution presented 
by Darwin, the importance of the heteronomic factors was empha- 
sized, though he pointed out one form of autonomic transformation, 
which he designated by the term ‘‘sexual selection.”’ To some ex- 
pounders of evolution natural selection has seemed so completely 
sufficient that they have been ready to deny the influence of sexual 
selection (or of any other autonomic factor) in producing divergence. 
On the whole, however, there has been during the past ten or fifteen 
years an increasing recognition of the fact that not only sexual selec- 
tion but other autonomic factors are more or less effective in control- 
ling the forms of selection, and, therefore, in controlling the transfor- 
mations of organisms. Do we not thus reach one explanation of the 
continuous advance—the determinate evolution—of certain large 
classes of animals? 
The recognition of autonomic factors in the process of evolution is 
giving new insight into the self-developing endowments of the organic 
world, 
