182 APPENDIX I—DIVERGENT EVOLUTION. 
The following solutions, as well as those given in Table V, are 
obtained by substituting values for M/, m, and c in formula (2): 
When M = 4, m = 3, thenif 




















c = }, half-breeds = pure-breeds x ?. 
c = 4, half-breeds = pure-breeds x %. 
c = 4, half-breeds = pure-breeds x 4. 
c = 14, half-breeds = pure-breeds x #. 
‘c =}, half-breeds = pure-breeds x ?. 
TABLE V.—From Formula (2). 
When M = 10 
el 7a = Oh 8. de Wine 5p 4. 3). Die 1 
If c = 4, then ached MOTOR RON Reatber 1 2aNG, 5 4 3 2 1 
CONE A ae 10 fo), 10: 4) Fo TO. LOsl) Os 4] Senn eee 
Pegi cee 9 Bia ee 6 5 4 BS 2 ne 
pee PS he a tare il We We Ry ie 15 16 17 18 19 
Ey ee 9 8 7 6 5 A. oy he Be 
Beate eae 12 14 16 i8 20° 22 shat) 06 Nas 
bey ee 9 8 7 6 5 4 2 1 
sae meanest 13 16 19 22 D5" 1 pas haat ae ara 
a ee eA Pee Snes eI 23) 6 
Ame oo ne Be i4 | 18 22 261 iNe3O |) sae i haee ie eae alee 
hl es 9 8 7 | 5 4 oh 2) i 
he a ee 15 20 25 BO. | as 40 45 50 55 
1 9 8 7 6) as 4 3 2 1 
lic — = ae —s — — = 
Sieror alam cies 17 24 | 31 38), | vase |) 52a SO) VGG annem 
Tic ye Pi &» 8 wa (ER Kees 4 3 2 1 
10 18 26 34 42 | 50 58 66 74 82 
| 
beeen Mone an i 9 8 7 62s 4 ue 1 
100’ 108 206 | 304 | 402 | 500 | 598 | 696 | 794 | 892 
1 Sues me tone 5 4 3 2 1 
nt oe == = | | a |) SS. | 
om woo ae 1008 | 2006 ; 3004 4002 | 5000 | 5998 | 6996 | 7994 | 8992 






OBSERVATIONS ON TABLE V. 
This mathematical analysis of the effects of positive segregation 
and segregate fecundity when coéperating brings distinctly into view 
several important relations. 
First. Incomplete forms of positive segregation, that avail little 
or nothing in preventing a form from being absorbed in the course of 
time, become very efficient when strengthened by moderate degrees 
of mutual sterility. Take, for instance, the line of the table in which 
I 
c = ——. If 1 in every 100 unions is a cross with some other form, 
100 
