38 
tion, repeated for emphasis, and ki, land or place ; water-there ! water-there ! place ; which in our lan- 
guage may find its proper expression in “Cape of the Waters” or “Cape of the Ocean.” The 
Indians translate “Owl’s Head” into Co-co-cas-wantep-uk, from co-co-cas,' owl, (kookookasoo, chat 
huant, Rale,) and up-pak-wantep, head, and wk, a locative. On Smith’s map of 1614 it is “ P. Tra- 
Vers.” . F 
BUNGANUNGANUCK, commonly shortened to Burganuck.—This small stream, flowing into 
Maquait Bay, runs at the bottom of a deep ravine, the deepest for along distance on this part of 
the coast, and on this account became to the natives a fit object for a special designation to indi- 
vate that feature. In one of the cognate dialects the word Pank-hantiunk denotes under the bank, 
from pank-han-ne, a bank. P and b are often interchanged, and vowels oftener, Thus this word 
receives an explanation in perfect accordance with the high and steep banks on both sides of the 
stream, which seem to be more emphatically described by the repetition of the syllables wungan? It 
may be represented in English by “ High-bank Brook.” 
CAPE ELIZABETH.—The date of the discovery of this cape, and the person by whom the name 
was given, are not known. ‘The first appearance of the name is on John Smith’s map, 1614. The 
Indian name was Apistama.’ The present one may have been given by Gosnold in 1602, or Pring, 
more probably in 1603. Gorges reports of him that he “ brought with him,” on his return, the 
most exact discovery of the coast that has since come into his hands.* The Queen reigning at the 
commencement of that century has her name here permanently fixed on this prominent headland 
of Maine. 
Casco, (kasko.)—This bay, early known as the Archipelago of Gomez,’ bears a name easily 
interpreted. The word kaskow appears in Rale’s dictionary under oiseaux without any equivalent 
In the “ Kimzowi Awikhigan,” kasko is crane, and the present Indians give the same explanation. 
In early maps and writers it appears as Woskebee, Kaskebee, Cascobé, which forms are easily resolved 
into kasko-nebe. The abbreviation of the last word, as is usual in composition, helps to make the 
word Casco-be, to be translated Crane-water or Crane Bay. An early name was Aucocisco, as seen 
in Smith; probably pronounced Uh-cos/-is-co, the first syllable being deeply guttural, and was 
written as the hearers caught the sound. The crane or heron still frequents these waters.® 
CASTINE was named from the Baron de St. Castine, who occupied the place of the present 
reinains of the old fort near the water of the bay, a short distance from the town, and on the spot 
where the Plymouth Company from Massachusetts had a trading establishment in 1626, D’Aulnay , 
erected his fort some years liter, (1635—40.)' Castine came about 1665.2 The place had been for- 
merly known as Bagaduce, Bigaduce, and indeed by a variety of similar sounding names, among 
which Major Biguyduce, erroneously supposed to be the name and title of a French officer once a 
resident there, came nearer than the rest to the original. ; 
Matche-be-guwd-toos.—Matehe is bad, and be-gwa-toos is bay. In the explanation by the Indians 
the name marks a place in the harbor of Castine, where, when the tides from different entrances 
meet over sunken rocks, the navigation is so difficult and perilous for their light canoes as to sug- 
gest the name of Bad Bay.? Purehas gives Chebegnadose, which omits the first syllable mat, and 
by an easy error gives n for w."° 
CATHANCE.—This winding river runs into Merrymeeting Bay on the north side. The word ka- 
' Zeisberger, in the Delaware dialect gives gok-hos, g for c. 
2 Eliot, Gram. p. 17. R. Williams, Key, Trumbnl’s note, 208. 
3 Williamson’s Hist., Vol. 1, p. 30, note. Tt was also called by the Indians Semiamis, R. H. Major’s note in Strachey, 
Caput IX, Aug. 28, 29. These two names were probably attached to two different points of the same projection. 
‘Brief Narration, Ch. V. The way in which Smith, and after him (Levett,) in 1623, introduce the name, shows that 
this cape was already a recognized point, (Me. TH. Coll, Vol. , p. 86.) The death of Elizabeth, in 1603, would seem to be 
a reason for the naming of the point by Pring, rather than by Smith many years later. See Smith, Mass. H. C., Vol. VI, 
3d ser., and Map, Vol. III, 3d ser. 
5Me. Hist. Coll., 2d ser., Vol. I, p. 299. Ribero’s map, 1529. 
6 Willis’ Hist. Portland, p. 15. 
7Williamson’s Hist., I, 308. 
®*Me. Hist. Coll., Vol. VI, p. 111. 
°Rale “noms” writes it “ Matsibigwadoosek, la riviere, ou est Mr. St. Gastin;” the word is the same, matsi, bad, with 
the locative ek. 
lo Pilerimage, Vol. LV, p. 1674. 
