INSECTA. 289 
contrary pass through the order of the Parasites to the Arachnids. 
The Arachnids again conduct us by another road (through the 
genus Scorpio to Limulus) to the Crustaceans. Thus is the entire 
animal kingdom a net everywhere connected, and every attempt to 
arrange animals in a single ascending series must necessarily fail of 
success. 
The oral organs consist in most of two mandibles, which are 
toothed at their broad extremity, and of a four-lobed underlip whose 
two lateral lobes represent the two lower jaws (mazillw). In some 
the second pair of feet forms, by coalescence of their basal pieces, 
a sort of second underlip, which covers the oral organs and the first 
pair of feet from beneath. In certain species the jaws and the lip 
are represented by pointed organs which coalesce to form a sucker ; 
but by far the greater number are manducating insects. fyrinpods 
in the first period of their life have fewer rings and only three 
pairs of feet; as they grow new rings arise and the number of feet 
is augmented. In this respect also they resemble the ringed-worms, 
whilst in the metamorphosis of Insects the homologous parts, rings, 
segments, are not multiplied, but are developed unequally or are 
united, to form the different divisions of the body in the perfect 
Insect. The number also of simple eyes increases during the 
development of myriapods. 
These Insects live in obscure places, under the bark of trees and 
on the ground under fallen leaves, stones, «ce. 
Comp. on this order amongst others: Leacu, A tabular View of the ex- 
ternal Characters of four Classes of Animals which Linn& arranged under 
Insecta, Transact. of the Linn. Soc. x1. 1815, p. 306, &e. (pp. 376—386) ; 
P. Gervais, Etudes pour servir a UHist. nat. des Myriapodes, Ann. des Sc. 
nat. sec. Série, Tom. vit. 1837 ; Zool., pp. 35—60; also, 3e Série, Tom. 11. 
1844, Zool., pp. 51—80; J. F. Branpt, Recueil de Mémoires relatifs a 
Vordre des Insectes Myriapodes (extrait du Bulletin publiée par VAcad. des 
Se. de St. Petersbourg, Tom. v.—1x.) 1841, 8vo; A. F. Waa, Observations 
sur les Myriapodes, Révue zool. publiée par GUSRIN, Mars 18 39, pp. 76—g0; 
G. Newport, List of Myriapoda in the British Museum, Ann. of Nat. Hist. 
XII. 1844, pp. 94—1I01, pp. 263—270; C. L. Kocu, System der Myria- 
poden, Regensburg, 1847, 8vo min, 
Family I. Julide. (Chilognatha Larr.) Anterior feet not 
changed into organs of manducation ; rest of the feet in most of the 
segments bigeminal, slender, short, af the two sides approximate, 
inserted nearly at the ae of the abdomen. Antenne short, 
filiform, with six or seven joints. Organs of copulation situated at 
the anterior part of the body. 
VOL. I. 19 
