302 
CLASS VIII. 
(Mém. pour servir a C Hist. dIns. vu. p. 69). J. F. Hermann 
changed this name, which had already been given to a genus of 
plants, to Virmus'; Nirzscu, who adopted this name for a sub- 
genus alone, named these animals Mallophaga, from padxos, fleece, 
since they live on hair, on scales of the epidermis and feathers, and 
not on blood. In birds there are no lice of the former family 
known—all the bird-lice belong to the Mallophaga. In some are 
found small, moveable, oblong organs in front of the antenne, like 
a second pair of imperfect antenne, which Nrirzscu names trabe- 
cule. The eyes are often difficult to distinguish : in some they are 
entirely wanting. 
A. Antenne filiform. Maxillary palps none, labial very short, 
biarticulate. 
Philopterus Nirzscu. Antenne quinquearticulate. Claws of 
tarsi two. 
single claw. 
Sp. Philopterus baculus NivzscuH, Rept op. cit. Tab. 11. figura superior, 
LYONET op. cit. p. 41, pl. 5, fig. 10, Guritr Magaz. f. d. ges. Thierheilk. 
vill. Tab, Iv. fig. 9, on Pigeons. All the species of this genus live upon 
birds. Here belong the sub-genera Goniodes, Lipeurus, Nirnmwus and Doco- 
phorus of NivzscuH, together with Goniocotes Burm. and Ornithobius DENNY. 
Trichodectes Nitzscu. Antenne triarticulate. Tarsi with a 
« 
The species of this genus live only on Mammalia. Sp. Zvrichod. latus 
Nirzscu, Ricinus canis Dr Gurr, Jns. vil. Tab. Iv. fig. 16, GURLT op. cit. 
rx. Daf. 1. fig. 5. 
B. Antenne clavate (four joints). Maxillary palps conspicuous. 
Liotheum Nizrscu. ‘'Tarsi biunguiculate. Labial palps biar- 
ticulate, short. 
The species of this genus keep to birds, often of the same species on 
which Philoptert also live”. Here belong the sub-genera Colpocephalum, Me- 
nopon (Menopon and Nitzschia Drnny), Trinotum, Eureum, Lemobothrium, 
Physostomum of NirzscH. These insects move more quickly and creep 
more nimbly beneath the feathers than the Philoptert. Sp. Liothewm sub- 
cequale NirzscH, LyonneT 1. 1. Pl. 4, fig. 5, on crows, &e. 
1 Mémoire Aptérologique, 1804, p. 12. 
2 
Five different species of Mallophaga occur on fowls. Such names, therefore, as 
Pediculus galline may readily introduce confusion. 
