INSECTA. 355 
ARISTOTLE and PLINY, must be used with caution, (ARIST. Hist. Anim. v. 
21,22; Pun Hist. Nat. Lib. x1. cap. v—xx). 
Amongst the moderns our SWAMMERDAM made many observations on 
bees, and bestowed especially much care on their anatomy, Bijbel de 
Natuur. bl. 369—550. The chief sources for knowledge of the economy of 
bees are: RéauMuR, Mém. pour serv. & U Hist. nat. des Ins. v. pp. 207—728 ; 
M. A. G. Scutracu, Hist. nat. de la Reine des Abeilles, la Haye, 1771, Svo ; 
Huser, Nouvelles Observations sur les Abeilles, 2 vols. 8vo. Paris et Geneve, 
18t4. 
A review of the collected observations of different writers was given 
first by Cu. Bonnet, Contempl. d. 1. Nat. onzieme partie, chap. 26, 27, 
@uvres, Tom. 1x. (éd. 8vo. Neuchatel, 1781), pp. 111—145, and afterwards 
by Kirpy and Spence, Introd. to Entomol. 11. pp. 119—214, Letters 19, 20. 
Several works are quoted and used with deep erudition in the extensive 
article on the honey-bee, contained in the excellent work of BRANDT und 
Ratzmsure, Medizin. Zoologie, 1. s. 177205. 
2. Posterior tibia armed with two spines at the inferior and 
inner part. (Cubital cells three.) 
Euglossa Larr. Body smooth, shining. Proboscis elongate. 
Labrum quadrate. 
Aglaé LepEter. 
Comp. Encycl. méthod., Hist. Nat. Entomol. Tom. x. 1825, p. 105. 
(These insects appear to be parasitic, and differ from Fuglossa as genus 
Psithyrus does from Bombus ; see below.) 
Bombus Latr. Body hirsute. Proboscis moderate. Labium 
transverse. 
Humming-bees. These insects construct their nest with mosses under 
the ground. Sp. Bombus terrestris, Apis terrestris, L., Réaum. Mém. s. l. 
Ins. T. vi. Pl. m1. fig. 1, PANZER, Deutschl. Ins. Heft 1. Tab. 16; black, 
with a yellow ring in front on the thorax and a yellow stripe at the base of 
the abdomen, of which the extremity is white. Bombus lapidarius, Apis 
lapidaria L., Réaum. Ins. T. vt. pl. 1. fig. 1—4, Curist, Tab. Fy kD Sip 
black, the extremity of abdomen orange or reddish. The species of this 
genus are numerous. They live in small societies and in inartificial dwell- 
ings, which bear the same relation to the thickly inhabited artistic habita- 
tions of bees, that hamlets or villages do to large towns. Amongst the 
females two varieties are found, of which the smaller alone lays eggs that 
produce males; so also in A pis mellifica workers are seen, that stand half 
way between common workers and the queen, and which appear to proceed 
from larve of workers, into whose cells some of the queen’s food has 
casually fallen. 
Some species have no neuters, and do not live in society, but parasiti- 
cally in the nest of other Bombi. They ought, therefore, according to the 
strict requirements of systematic division, to be arranged with the follow- 
ing. Here belongs Apis campestris PanzER, Deutschl. Ins. Heft 74, Tab.11, 
They form the genus ; 
20—2 
