INSECTA. 399 
Antennz mostly setaceous, in males of some species only pectinate 
or ciliate. Ocelli, with afew exceptions, two. Wings apt for flight, 
the anterior mostly triangular, deflected or incumbent. Thorax 
large, very often crested. Abdomen elongato-conical. Larvae 
solitary, mostly naked or seldom pilose, never without anal feet, 
most with sixteen, some with only twelve feet. Pupa inclosed 
in a follicle often lax. 
a) Last joint of palps shorter than second, scaly. 
* Caterpillars with twelve feet. 
Euclidia OCHSENH. Palps short. Head small. Body slender, 
with thorax not crested. (Anterior wings variegated with irregular 
brown markings.) 
Sp. Noctua Mi L., Sepp, Nederl. Ins. u. 5e Stuk, Tab. 1., Lyonrt, Our. 
posthume, Pl. 32, figs. 1o—17 ; the caterpillar lives on different species of 
grass, on clover, &c., and spins itself up between the leaves or in moss 
when about to change into a pupa. 
Plusia OcHSENH. Palps long. Thorax crested. (The fore- 
wings often with spots or marks that shine with metallic splendour.) 
Noctua gamma L., Rasen, Ins. 1., Pap. nocturn. Cl. 11. Tab. v. SEPP, 
Nederl. Ins. 1. 5e Stuk, Tab. 1. f. 1—6 ; the gamma-moth ; body grey, fore- 
wings reddish-grey with many stripes, in the middle and at the base dark- 
brown, with a yellowish shining spot resembling the Greek letter y, the 
hind-wings yellowish-grey, with a blackish broad border; length of the 
body 3’’ ; breadth of upper wings expanded 15 The caterpillar of 
this species sometimes occasions much damage to flax, hemp, cole-seed, 
peas, pulse, and all sorts of potherbs ; a visitation which afilicted different 
districts of France in 1735, and the province of Groningen in East- 
Prussia in 1823: see J. Jacospson de Phal. noctua gamma Diss. Re- 
giomonti, 1829, 8vo, and H. C. van Haut, Gesch. van de verwoestingen 
door de rupsen in het jaar 1829 aangerigt. Groningen, 1829, 8vo. 
we 
. 
** 
Caterpillars with sixteen feet. 
Sub-genera: Brephos Ocusenu., Catocala Scurank, OCHSENH., 
Ophiusa OcHSENH., Anarta OcHSENH., Cucullia ScHRANK, OCHSENH. 
Noctua nob. 
(Xylina, Cerastis, Cosmia Hursn., Xanthia Hunsn., Gortyna, Non- 
agria, Leucania, Simyra, Caradrina, Orthosia, Mythimna, Calpe, Thya- 
tira, Mamestra, Apamea, Trachea, Polia Ocusunu., Miselia Hursn., 
OcHsENH., Hadena ScHRANK, Mania TreitscHKE, Amphipyra, Tri- 
phena, Graphiphora, Agrostis OOHSENH.) 
