506 
CLASS VIII. 
The WStag-beetles. The genus Lucanus, although from the 
characters given above much more limited here than with Linnzaus, 
still contains different genera of modern authors which it is 
impossible for us to set forth here. The under jaws are commonly 
membranous; in the females alone of some exotic species the 
innermost lobe (mando) has a horny hooklet at the extremity’. In 
some species the eyes are completely divided by a projecting flat 
margin of the head into two, one situated on the upper and one on 
the under side of the head. 
Comp. C. P. Taunsrre Lucani Monographia, Mém. de la Soc. impér. 
de Moscou, 1. pp. 150—173. Pl. 12; Mac Lray, Hore entomol. 1819 (An- 
nulosa Javanica, édit. franc. Paris, 1833, 8vo. pp. 11—29); J. O. WEST- 
woop Descriptio gener. novor. e fam. Lucanid., Ann, des Sc. nat. 2e Série, 
I. 1834, pp. 112—127, Pl. 7; Burmeister Handb. der Entom. v. 1847, 
8. 31I—442. 
Lucanus Later. (and Platycerus ejusd. in part). 
Sp. Lucanus cervus L., Stag-beetle, cerf volant, Hirsch-kiifer, Schroter, het 
vliegend hert, &c., Rasen Ins. 1. Scar. terr, Cl. 1. Tab. Iv. v., VOET 
Coleopt. 1. Tab. 29, figs. 1, 2, DumMéRiL Cons. yén. s. l. Ins. Pl. 8, fig. 1; 
dark-brown (like old mahogany); the male is larger than the female, has 
the head broader than the thorax, and branched upper jaws about the 
length of head and thorax together, these included it is full 23” long; in 
the female the upper jaws are less than the head. The size, however, varies 
much; a constantly smaller variety is Lucanus capreolus Far. (not L.), 
Voet, 1. 1. figs. 3, 4, SunzeR Abgek. Gesch. d. Ins. Tab. U1. fig. 1, which 
is found with the ordinary one. (Lucanus capreolus L. is a N. American 
species, which Fasricius names Lucanus dama.) The metamorphosis of 
the stag-beetle is described by Rasen. The larva is pale yellow, becomes 
very large, and lives some years; it lives in decaying oak-trees. The 
perfect insect makes its appearance in June and July. 
OChiasognathus Steruens. Club not abruptly distinct, with six 
lamelle. (Eyes always divided into two parts by the margin of 
head, as by a septum.) 
Sub-genera: Chiasognathus STEPHENS (antennz of males with a whorl of 
hairs before the club), Sphwrognathus Buqurt. Mandibles of males in both 
these sub-genera longer than thorax, sometimes of the length of body. Sp. 
Chiasogn. Grantii, Tetrophthalma Chiloénsis, Lusson Illust. de Zool. 
Pl. 24, Dict. wniv. @Hist. nat., Ins. Coléopt. Pl. 7, fig. 3;—Spherogn. 
prionoides Buqurt, GuéRIN Magas. de Zool. 1839, Ins. Pl. 1; Spherogn. 
Feisthamelit GUERIN ibid. 1840, Pl. 39. Species from S. America. 
Ryssonotus Mac LL. Mandibles thick, with external margin unidentate. 
Sp. Luc. nebulosus Krrpy, from New Holland. 
1 WeEstwoop, Annals of Nat. History, vit. 1842, pp. 12I1—123. 
