ARACHNOIDEA. 587 
at the inferior part of body behind the coxa of the fourth pair of 
feet. | 
Scorpio L. (Characters of the family). - Ocelli two in the 
middle of cephalothorax, approximate, larger. Lateral ocelli in 
the anterior margin of cephalothorax, number various. 
The scorpions live in warm regions of the temperate zone and in 
tropical countries. In the last joint of the abdomen is a poison- 
gland, which renders the wound of the scorpion dangerous, (see Rep1 
De Generat. Insector. Amstelod. 1686, pp. 84—91; Dr Mauperr- 
Tus Lapériences sur les Scorpions, Mém. de (Acad. de Paris, 
pour 1731, p.223). Moreover these animals are distinguished by 
‘two comb-shaped appendages at the base of the abdomen. These 
appendages consist of a flat pedicle that runs transversely outwards 
and becomes thinner towards its apex ; this on its inferior margin 
bears parallel lancet-shaped leaflets (teeth), standing perpendicular 
to its axis. The number of these teeth differs in different species, 
yet is not sufficiently determinate but subject to change, so that it 
it is an uncertain character for the distinction of species. 
Comp. on the divisions and the species of this numerous family, LEAcH 
Trans. of the Linn. Soc. Xt. p. 391; H&mprich and EHRENBERG Symb. 
physic., Evertebr. 1. Arachnoidea, Berolini, folio 1828, cum tabulis 2; P. 
GERVAIS Remarques sur la famille des Scorpions, Archives du Museum, 
Tom. Iv. 1845, pp. 201—240. Pl. x1. x11. On the number of the eyes alone 
no natural groups or sub-genera can be founded. The habitus, the greater 
or less breadth of the six last abdominal rings, and the form of the forceps, 
indicate better sub-divisions, or ought at least to be conjoined with the 
character from the eyes. 
Androctonus EHRENB. With twelve ocelli, five lateral on each 
side. Centrurus Enrens. With ten ocelli, four lateral on each 
side. buthus Leacu, EKurens. With eight ocelli, three lateral on 
each side. Scorpio LrEacu, Scorpius EaRens. With six ocelli, two 
lateral on each side. 
Note.—Sub-genus Buthus, far from natural, ought to be distributed into 
other sub-genera, after the example of EHRENBERG and KocH; comp. 
GERVAIS 1. 1., who admits three sub-genera Jschnurus, Buthus and Telegonus. 
Sp. Scorpio europeus, Scorpio flavicaudus, Dr GEER Mém. vit. Pl. 40, figs. 
Ii—13, SCH#HFFER Elem. Entom. Tab. 113, Cuv. R. Anim. éd. ill., Arachn. 
Pl. 19, fig. 2, hab. south of Europe and north of Africa ;—Scorpio afer L., 
Rast Jns. m1. Tab. 65, Koou Arachniden, 111. Tab. 79, &e. 
