700 CLASS XI. 
[Sp. Doliolum denticulatum Quoy and Gar. The openings of the branchial 
cavity are short tubes, the anterior denticulate, the posterior surrounded by 
fine filaments. S. Pacific. If it be ever aggregated, it has not been met 
with in this state. Huxney On Doliolum and Appendicularia, Phil. Trans. 
1852, pp. 599, 603. |} 
[Appendicularia Cuamisso, Quoy and Garm. (Oikoplewra MERTENS). 
Body irregularly ovate, with a long appendage attached to the 
dorsal surface at the posterior part, and making a large angle with 
the axis of body. Opening into the respiratory cavity anterior, 
outlets two short tubes ciliated where they leave the cavity, open- 
ing immediately on the dorsal surface in front of the base of 
appendage’. No proper branchiz. 
There has been much doubt respecting the place and the nature of 
Appendicularia, CHAMISSO, who found his species in the N. Pacific, con- 
sidered it to be a Medusa allied to genus Cestum. ESCHSCHOLTZ, who 
observed the same, or a nearly allied species, in the South Sea, referred it 
to the Heteropod Molluscs, whilst Mrrrens, who voyaged in the same 
seas, thought it was a Pteropod related to Clio. See CHamisso Nov, Act. 
Acad. Cos. Leopol. Car. x. Pt. 2, p. 362, EscuscHourz in OxEn’s Jsis, 
1825, s. 736, Mertens Mém. de Acad. imp. de St. Petersbowrg, 1831, 
Tom. I. p. 205. Lerucokart (Zoolog. Untersuch. 11. 1854, pp. 80, 81) 
regards Appendicularia as a larval state of some Ascidian, all of which have 
an appendage in the early condition, whilst with HuxitEy (On Appendicu- 
laria and Doliolum, Phil. Trans. 1851, p. 595) and GEGENBAUER (SIEBOLD 
and KoLuiker’s Zeitsch. f. wissensch. Zool. B. v1. 1855, p. 406, &c.) it is an 
adult form. 
Sp. Appendicularia flabellum CHAMISSO, see HUXLEY l. cit., who found the 
testis in the fully developed condition abounding with spermatozoa: the 
ovary has not been ascertained; coast of Scotland, and common in the 
Bristol Channel near Tenby. For a description of four Mediterranean 
species, with the anatomy, see GEGENBAUER loc. cit. ] 
Anchinia EscuscH., RATHKE. Small Salpe aggregated in a single row 
by a gelatinous filament. See WIEGMANN’S Archiv, 1835, I. p. 58. 
1 [These tubes were first discovered by GEGENBAUER, but from the great transpa- 
rency, he did not detect their openings on the surface of the animals, but supposed them 
to conduct the fluid from the respiratory cavity, in order either to mix it directly with the 
blood, or by expanding more largely to bring it in near contact with the blood through 
their thin walls. See his paper, pp. 415, 416. HUXLEY, as well by direct observation 
as by feeding his animals on indigo, saw clearly the external apertures of the tubes in 
front, and on each side of the anus. In one observation he found the current to set in 
at these apertures, and owt at the anterior opening of the respiratory sac. See his 
paper on Appendicularia flabellum, Quarterly Journal of Micros. Sc. No. 15, 1856, 
pp. 181—rogr.] 
