6 
CONCHIFERA. 755 
species. The points of the shell are covered with calcareous inequalities, 
which are connected by transverse projecting parallel lines at the inside 
with the margin of the hinge. 
Sp. Pholas Dactylus L., Pout Test. utr. Sic. 1. Testac. multiv. pp. 40—50, 
Tab. vu. figs. 1—11, Tab. viiI.; in the Mediter. and N. Seas, edible, and, 
as is said, of agreeable taste. PLinrus speaks of the phosphorescence of 
this animal in the dark, Hist. nat. Lib. 1x. cap. 61 ;—Pholas crispata L., 
CuEMN. Conchyl. Tab. 102, figs. 872874, Pholas costata Lam. (Phol. 
costatus L.), Buatnv. Malac. Pl. 79, fig. 6, &c. Some fossil species are 
known from the tertiary formations, 
Leredina LAM. Two valves furnished internally with cochleari- 
form tooth, covered at the hinge with a shield, grown to a calca- 
reous tube, elongate, conical, closed at one extremity, open at the 
opposite. (Fossil species.) 
Sp. Teredina personata Lam., Ann. du Mus. x11. Pl. 43, figs. 6, 7, BLAINV. 
Malac. Pl. 81, fig. 5. 
Teredo L. Mantle tubular, terminated by two trachex con- 
crete at the base, open anteriorly for the passage of foot, short, trun- 
cated. Shell equivalve, gaping on both ends, small, covering the 
anterior part of the animal like a ring. Animal inhabiting a cylin- 
drical tube covered with calcareous substance, and adhering to it 
by two calcareous pinne (palmule) placed at the base of trachee. 
Pile-worm. These animals live in wood, which they perforate in all 
directions. The cavity in which they reside is covered with a calcareous 
incrustation, but the true shell is bivalve and much smaller than the 
mantle. How they penetrate and bore through the wood is not yet 
sufficiently explained. They grow in the wood, and do not first enter 
it as adult animals, for the external aperture, towards which the two 
tubes (trachece) are turned, is too narrow to allow the inclosed animal 
to enter, however it may have been able to make itself a way at an earlier 
period. 
Liyyzus placed this genus incorrectly between Serpula and Sabella 
{amongst the ringed worms), and named the bivalve shell the jaws of the 
animal. He united all the individuals that had been described up to 
his time under one species, Zeredo navalis, which is a collective name. 
The species even now are far from being sufficiently distinguished. See 
SPENGLER Skrivter af Naturh. Selskabet, 1. 1. Kjébenhavn, 1792, pp. 99 
—106, and QUATREFAGES Mém. sur le genre Taret, Ann. des Sc. nat. 
3itme Série, Tom. XI. 1849, Zoologie, pp. t9—73, Pl. 1. 1. The ana- 
tomical investigations of the writer named last, are the latest and the most 
complete: of the internal structure, to say nothing of older writers, notices 
in modern times have also been given by DESHAYES, in the Exploration 
scientifique de VAlgérie (1846), and Frey und Lxuvuckart (Beitrége zur 
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