PHILOLOGICAL INQUIRIES. 499 



The extent of derivation in the human body appears 

 further in thefe examples : — names of blood and red are evi- 

 dent correlates in the H. Ch. '^3, '^ns — Hu. ver, veres — ' 

 In cru, cruan •.flan, flann :* — Compound words for fome 

 parts; F. cou de pied, (neck of the foot) the vvrift -.gras, 

 and, pommeau de la jambe, calf of the leg — The Greeks 

 called it j.s-p(>Kv»«,«, (belly of the leg, before they adopted 

 <r%Hf» : The Poles and Ruffians call it ikr.i, which alfo iig- 

 nifies the eggs in fifli, and a foft fubfiancc in general. 

 The Greeks, Romans, and Britidi called the toes fingers 

 of the feet, as the French, Ruffians, Poles ftill do. 



It is alfo a remarkable fatl in the hiflory of languages, 

 that general names were applied to parts or fpecies, wheu 

 a better diftindion became neceffary, from a wifh both to 

 preferve old words, and to lelfen the number of new. 

 As different portions of the people did not always adopt 

 the improvement at once, and afterwards might apply the 

 firft name to different parts and objects ; and as in the 

 mingling of tribes and languages names were fometimes 

 by millake applied to fimilar things, or adjoining parts ; 

 (f. e. that of thigh to leg) the procefs of diftindion can- 

 not be traced without prolix inquiries in many cafes ; I 

 fhall therefore feled a few clear fpecimens: — H. Ch. pi^ 

 denotes generally the leg, but fometimes the whole limb 

 above the foot to the body, though the thigh with hip and 

 loin had a feparate name ■■T^'j ""2 hand reprefents not feldom 

 the whole arm, as in the odd expreffion, arms of his hands 

 (Gen. xlix. 24 ) — Gr. ^^-j, hand, is by ancient authors 

 ufed for the whole arm : o^ssxtt, leg, frequently includes the 

 foot — L. pes, foot, denotes the whole forequarter of an 

 ox in Virgil's Georg. V. 55 : — V/. yfguidh, CJkudh, A. 

 Jkoas, fhoulder : Ca. ejciias, hand — Ca. befoa, arm : Ir.+ 

 bos^ hand : W. bys^ A. bcs, bis, C. bcz, linger — W. kocs, 

 3 T 2 loin, 



* The Delawares in N. America call blood moocum, red machkut, JitachlUu 

 morning and evening red, machcumen, to dye red* 



