REPORT ON THE CRINOIDEA. 273 
1852. Pentacrinus, Forbes, Monograph of the Echinodermata of the British Tertiaries, p. 33. 
1852. Cainocrinus, Forbes, I[bid., p. 34. 
1857. Pentacrinus, Pictet, Traité de Paléontologie, 2™° éd., Paris, 1857, t. iv. p. 342. 
1857. Isocrinus, Pictet, Ibid., p. 344. 
1857. Comatula (pars), Pictet, Ibid., p. 288. 
1862. Pentacrinus, Dujardin and Hupé, Hist. Nat. des Zoophytes, Echinodermes, Paris, 1862, p. 179. 
1864. Cenocrinus, Wyv. Thoms., The Intellectual Observer, August 1864, p. 3. 
1864. Neoerinus, Wyv. Thoms., Lbid., p. 7. 
1864. Pentacrinus, Liitken, Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kjébenhavn, 1864, 
Nr. 13-16, p. 207. 
1872. Pentacrinus, Wyv. Thoms., Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. vii. p. 765; and The Depths of the Sea, 
p. 435. 
1875. Picteticrinus, de Loriol, Monographie Paléontologique et Géologique des Etages Supérieurs de la forma- 
tion Jurassique des Environs de Boulogne-sur-Mer, 2™° partie, p. 297. 
1876. Pentacrinus, Quenstedt, Petrefactenkunde Deutschlands, Bd. iv.; Asteriden und Encriniden, p. 186. 
1879. Pentacrinus, de Loriol, Monographie des Crinoides fossiles de la Suisse, p. 114. 
1879. Cainocrinus, de Loriol, Lbid., p. 111. 
1879: Pentacrinus, Zittel, Handbuch der Paleontologie, Paleozoologie, Miinchen und Leipzig, 1876-1880, 
Bd. i. p. 393. 
1880. Pentacrinus, P. H. Carpenter, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Zool.), vol xv, p. 210. 
1882. Pentacrinus, P. H. Carpenter, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., vol. x. p. 167. 
1884. Pentacrinus, P. H. Carpenter, Proc, Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xii. p. 359. 
A. Characters of the Genus. 
The petaloid sectors on the faces of the stem-joints are bordered by a few large 
ridges, of which the smaller proximal ones meet those of adjacent sectors in the inter- 
petaloid spaces, while the large distal ridges reach the outer edge of the joint. The 
supranodal joints are scarcely modified for the cirrus-sockets, and the articular facets 
rarely reach the upper edges of the nodal joints." The cirri consist of from twenty to 
fifty joints, and vary considerably both in length and in appearance. 
The basals may be very small knobs, or form a complete ring, and have but a slight 
tendency to downward extensions of their lower angles. There are never more than 
three radials, none of which bear pinnules. 
The rays may divide five times, but rarely more than thrice; and their Bundesrat 
are equal in value or nearly so. The basal joints of the lower pinnules are usually 
rather broad and flattened laterally, with sharp dorsal edges. 
Remarks.—The genus Pentacrinus is generally, and with good reason, attributed to 
Miller. But a few authors have associated with it the name of von Schlotheim,.’ It is 
true that this able paleontologist used Pentacrinites as a generic name a year before the 
publication of Miller’s classical monograph ; but he made no attempt to define it as Miller 
did, nor did he give diagnoses of any of the species which he referred to the genus.. In 
1 Tn several fossil species, however, the cirrus-facets take up the whole height of the nodal joints. 
2 Die Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 327. 
(ZOOL, CHALL, EXP,—PART Xxxu.—1884.) i 35 
