REPORT ON THE CRINOIDEA. 301 
1775. Isis asterias, Miiller, Linne’s Natursystem, nach der zwolften lateinischen Ausgabe, N iirmberg, 1775, 
Bad. ii. p. 742. 
1788. Isis asteria, Linneus, Systema Nature, ed. xiii., cura, J. F. Gmelin, Lipsix, 1788, t. i, pars vi. p. 3794. 
1816. Encrinus caput-Meduse, Lamarck, Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres, t. ii., Paris, 1816, 
p. 435. 
1820. Pentacrinites vulgaris, von Schlotheim, Die Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 327. 
1821. Pentacrinus Caput-Meduse, Miller (pars), A Natural History of the Crinoidea, Bristol, 1821, p. 48, pl. i. 
1834. Encrinus caput-Meduse, de Blainville, Manuel d’Actinologie, Paris, 1834, p, 254. 
1836. Pentacrinus Caput-Meduse, Buckland, Geology and Mineralogy, London, 1836, p. 432, pl. 52, fig. 1. 
1843. Pentacrinus caput-Meduse, Miiller (pars), Abhandl. d. k. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin, Jahrg. 1841, 
Pa oolatels 
1845. Pentacrinus Caput-Meduse, Austin® (pars), A Monograph on Recent and Fossil Crinoidea, Bristol, 
1843-45, p. 111, pl. 14. 
1856. Pentacrinus caput-Meduse, Oersted, Forhandl. Skand. Naturf., 7°" Mode i Christiania, 1856, p. 202. 
1862. Pentacrinus caput-Meduse, Dujardin and Hupé, Hist. Nat. des Zoophytes, Kchinodermes, Paris, 1862, 
p. 181. 
1864. Cenocrinus Caput-Meduse, Wyville Thomson, The Intellectual’ Observer, August 1864, p. 3. 
1864. Pentacrinus asteria, Liitken, Vidensk. Meddel. f. d. nat. Foren.-i Kjgbenhavn, 1864, p. 207. 
1865. Pentacrinus (Neocrinus) asterias, Wyville Thomson, Phil. Trans., vol. clv., 1865, p. 542. 
1872. Pentacrinus asteria, Wyville Thomson, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. vii. p. 765; and The Depths of the 
Sea, p. 435. 
1877. Pentacrinus asteria, Wyville Thomson, The Atlantic, London, 1877, vol. ii. pp. 123-126. 
1882. Pentacrinus asteria, P. H. Carpenter, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. x. p, 168. 
Dimensions. 
Length of stem to twentieth node, : : : ; . 48 cm. 
Greatest diameter of stem, ; : ; ; 5 ; 7 mm. 
Longest cirrus (fifty joints), : 5 ‘ : : cls 
Diameter of calyx across first radials, . c : . ally 53 
Diameter of disk, Z 3 A z : : A ealiten ys 
Length of arm (one hundred joints), 5 : é 2 LOOT; 
Length of distichal pinnule (twenty-five joints), 5 te a Sie: 
Length of first pinnule after tertiary axillary (thirteen joints), . Fe ae Panes 
Stem long, robust, and generally smooth. Outline pentagonal, with slightly rounded 
angles, but more circular in the lower part. Internodal joints thirteen to twenty-one 
(usually fifteen to eighteen) in number, with but slightly crenulated edges even in the 
upper part of the stem. Nodal joints marked by large, transversely oval cirrus-sockets, 
which occupy almost their whole height. The sockets have sharp, well defined rims, and 
are entirely filled by the articular facets. Cirri composed of thirty-five to fifty stout, 
smooth, and tolerably equal joints, with a small terminal claw and no opposing spine ; 
though the ventral surface of the later joints is often marked by two or three blunt points. 
Infra-nodal joints rarely grooved to receive the cirrus-bases, and then but slightly so. 
Lowest limit of the interarticular pores between the ninth and twelfth nodes. 
1 The Messrs. Austin and also Dujardin and Hupé give an undated reference to Parra’s Hist. Nat. Havanne 
p- 191, pl. 70, in which this type seems to have been mentioned by the name Palma animal. But I have been unable 
to consult the work, and can therefore do no more than make this reference to it. 
