OUgochaeta.] SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS OF NEW ZEALAND. 257 



The first pair of )tcp]iri(lia is in 7, of rather large size; the next pair in 10; 

 then in 14. 15, 17. 18. li), &e. 1 was nnable to detect any nephridia in 16 on either 

 side of the body in the specimen sectionised. 



Tlie testes and funnels are in 11, in the usual positions. The sperm-duct is 

 slightly convoluted immediately behind the septum, and receives a long convoluted 

 prostate just before entering the copulatory apparatus. The prostate fills the seg- 

 ment ; it is surrounded by a refringent sheath, which may be muscular ; but there 

 is no common sac, such as exists in P. heddardi and P. suhterrnneus. The penial 

 sac contains a long jaenis, which is protruded on one side of the worm. Tlie whole 

 apparatus closely resembles that of P. lacustris. 



Segments 8, 9, 10, 11, are more or less occujiied by masses of develojiing sperma- 

 tozoa, but there is no definite sperm-sac. 



The ovary is small, in 12, but there are large ova free in this segment. The 

 oviduct is quite small, and opens at 12/13. 



The spennatheca has the usual elongated form characteristic of the genus ; it 

 extends back to the 14th, or on one side to the 15th, segment. The narrow muscular 

 duct, which passes through the septum 13/14, is constricted sharply from the ampulla, 

 and enters, in 13. the apex of a large atriumlike invagination of the body-wall of 

 about the same size as the j^enis-sac. 



The "antrum" of the spermatheca is lined by tall granular cells, surrounded 

 by a coat of circular muscles, covered by coelomic epithelium. The lining epi- 

 thelium becomes lower as it approaches the pore, and is there continuous with the 

 epidermis. 



Locality. — Campbell Island. Under stones, sea-shore, near exit of a stream 

 from the flanks of Mount Honey ; (W. B. B.). 



Eenuirks. — The present species of Phreodrilus agrees most nearly with P. lacustris, 

 Benham.* from Lakes Wakatipu and Manapouri, from which it differs in — (a) the 

 presence of the large muscular sac at the exit of the spermatheca ; (6) the absence 

 of copulatory chaetae near the aperture ; and in the minor fact that the duct of the 

 spermatheca is in P. lacustris much shorter, in that it does not enter the 14th seg- 

 ment. The new species agrees with P. alhus, Beddard,t from the Falkland Islands, 

 in the possession of the spermathecal sac referred to, but the male apparatus in that 

 species is much less extensive ; and it differs in other details. The great interest of 

 the genus is its circumpolar Antarctic distribution, for all the species are limited 

 to the e.xtreme southern lands ; at least three (perhaps four) species occur in New 

 Zealand, one species in Kerguelen,J one species on Crozet Island,§ two species 

 on the Falkland Islands, and two species in the extreme south of the American 

 Continent.il The present species thus forms a geographical link with that of Ker- 

 guelen. 



* Benham, " On some New Species of the Cienus Phreodrilus," Quart. .Toum. Micr. Sci., xlviii, 

 p. 271, 1904. 



t Beddard, " Naiden, Tubificiden, und Terncolen," m Hamb. Masialhaens. Sammelreiae, p. 11. 189G. 

 X Micliaelsen, 1902 (P. kerguelarum), p. 136. 

 § Michaelsen, 1905 {P. crozetensis) , p. 5. 

 II Beddard, loc. cit. 

 17— S, 



