A PTEROPODID.5:. 



Length {of an adult t ).— Head and body 4-3*' to S-O", tail QT, head 

 1-65*, eye from nostril 0-6", ear 0-75", forearm 3-35'Vtlimnb I'O*, third 

 finger metacarpal 2-1", first phalanx 1-4", second phalanx 1-85", fifth 

 finder metacarpal TQ", first phalanx I'O", second phalanx 1-0", tibia 

 1-5", foot 0-85". 



Jlcbb. — Occurs in Sind (Mukklee Hills), inhabiting old tombs and 

 the caves at Clifton; found also in the Persian Gulf inhabiting caves. 

 Dobson gives its habitat as from the Persian Gulf to the Philippine 

 Islands, Bengal, Southern India, Ceylon, Burmah, Celebes, Amboyna, 

 and Aru Island. 



Cynopterus, F. Cuv. Dents de Mammifer, p. 39 ; Gray, Cat. 

 Fruit-eating Bats, &c. ; Bvhson Monog. As. Chir. p. 23; Cat. Chir. Br. 

 Mus. p. 80. 



Muzzle much shorter than in Cynonicteris and comparatively thicker ; 

 nostrils projecting, deeply emarginate between; upper lip with a 

 narrow vertical groove in front, bonnded laterally by naked prominences 

 as in Pteropus. Index finger with a distinct claw ; metacarpal bone 

 of middle finger longer than the index finger; wings from the sides of 

 the hairy back, and from the first toe. Tail short, distinct. 



T^ ,.,. T 4 4. 1-1 3—3 1—1 



Dentition, inc. - or ^, c :^^, pm. ^^, m. 2^2. 



General form of teeth as in Cynonicteris, but less in number; the last 

 upper and last two lower molars absent. 



Cynopterus marg-inatus, F. Cuv. Dents de Mammifer. p. 39; 

 Kelaart, Prod. Faun. Zeyl. p. 28; Jerdon, Mamm. of India p. 20; Gray, 

 Cat. Monkeys and Fruit-eating Bats p. 122; Dobson, Jour. As. Sue. 

 Ben. 1873, p. 200, pi. xiv., fig. 4 (ear) ; Monog. As. Chir. p. 24; Cat. 

 Chir. Br. Mus. p. 81 ; Anderson, Gat. Mam. Ind. Mus. p. 104. Ptero- 

 pus marginatus, Geoff. Ann. du Mus. xiv. p. 97; Tern. Monog. Mammal 

 i., p. 202; pi. xiv. P. p3'rivorus, Hodgs. Pro. Zoo. Son. p. 36, 1836. 

 Cynopterus horsfieldi, Gray, Cat. Mam. Br. Mus. p. 38; Pachysoma 

 brevicaudatum. Is. Geoff\ Did. Class. Hist. Nat. xiv., p. 705. 



Ears large, rounded at the tip, with a slight but distinct concavity 

 of the outer margin immediately beneath the tip ; outer and inner 

 margins of the ear-conch boi-dered with white, the border along the 

 inner margin one-twelfth of an inch wide, contrasting strongly with 

 the dark brown colour of the ear. The outer margin terminates below 

 without forming a lobe at the base. Except at their bases, the ears 

 are naked posteriorly; anteriorly a few hairs appear upon the conch 

 along the outer side of the white border of the inner margin, and 

 similarly along the inner side of the white border of the outer margin. 

 The fur on the upper surfa.ce of the body extends upon the wing 

 membrane nearly as far as a line joining the elbow and knee-joints, also 

 thinly upon the humerus, the femur and proximal end of the 

 tibia; beneath, the wing membrane is clothed to about the same 

 extent as upon the upper surface, the hairs also passing out- 

 wards in a narrow band posterior to the forearm. The colour of 

 the fur is extremely variable, — dark brown, reddish brown, snuff 



