36 CANIDiB- 



having a grizzled appearance owing to the broad rufescent bases of the 

 broadly black tipped hairs showing through ; extreme tip of the tail 

 black. Length of hairs from the tip of the tail 3 to 3^ inches. 



The soft under-fur throughout the upper part of the body is dusky 

 grey, except on the forehead, where it is much darker. The anterior 

 two-thirds of the upper parts rufescent, the bases of the hairs being 

 white. Abdomen white or greyish white, as also are the inner sides of 

 the front and hind legs to the middle of the thighs, where, and running 

 up behind the haunches and extending in front and down to the feet, 

 it is rufescent, darker on the outside of the thighs. Front of forelimbs 

 rufescent, with a mesial black line, not extending on the metacarpal 

 portion of the limbs. 



Length. — Head and body 30 — 32 inches, tail 10 — 12 inches, height at 

 shoulder 16 — 17 inches. 



Found throughout India. It hunts in packs and is the pest of all 

 villages and cantonments, not only as a marauder, but for its unearthly 

 howls in company with the hyasna. A cry raised by a single individual 

 is taken up in chorus by the pack to which it belongs, and followed up in 

 this way by other packs for a great distance. Jackals are however useful 

 scavengers in camp, cantonment and village, and never being molested 

 increase greatly in numbers annually; being however a prey to wolves, a 

 great number may thus be exterminated. In the Narra districts, and also 

 in Thurr and Parker there are many instances annually of deaths from 

 hydrophobia caused by the bites of jackals. It is said that six hours 

 is the most a person survives after the bite. 



Canis pallipes, Sykes, P. Z. 8. 1831, p. 10] ; Gray, List Mam. 

 p. 58 ; JerdoUjMam. Ind. p. 89 ; Murray, Hdhl\, Zool., t^x., Sind, p. 89. 

 Lupus pallipes. Gray, P. Z. S. 1868, p. 504; Cat. Mam. Br. Miis. 

 p. 189. Landcjah, Hind; Buggyar, Sind. — The Indian Wolf. 



Colour variable. Hoary fulvous or dirty reddish white, some of the 

 hairs tipped black. Face and limbs somewhat rufous. Lower parts 

 dingy or soiled white ; tail black tipped ; ears small ; coronal crest of 

 skull linear, high; upper sectorial teeth large, elongate ; mammee 10. 

 The colour of the Indian wolf varies much, both according to season and 

 locality, more generally the fur is fulvous, or dun colour with scarcely 

 any reddish or rufous tinge anywhere. 



Length. — Head and body 35 — 40 inches, tail 15 — 17 inches, height 

 24—28 inches. 



Llah. — Sind, also Kutch, the Deccan and Concan, Khandeish and 

 throughout India nearly. 



Vulpes, — Foxes. — Muzzle lengthened, acute. Temporal crests of the 

 skull linear; ears large, erect; tail with soft fur, long and bushy, and 

 reaching to the ground. 



Vulpes Bengalensis, Shaw, Zool. i., p. 230 ; Jerd. Mam. of Tnd. 

 p. 149; Gray, Cat. Mam. Br. Mus. p. 204 ; Murray, Hdhk., Zool., Sj-c, 

 Sind, p. 90. Lokree, Lookar, Loomur, Sind ; Loomree, Hind. — The 

 Indian Fox. 



