(7*. Inner claw not obvioush- different in size or shape from the others; corner of 

 mouth without thickened naked skin or " rosette." 

 6'. Angle of chin much nearer to nostril than to tip of bill. 



c'. Nostrils exposed, overhung by a more or less distinct horny scale, and 

 feathers of lores never reaching to anterior end of nostrils; second- 

 aries without white tips. (Subfamily Phalerince.) 

 d}. Gonys occupying more than half the total length of the lower 

 mandible, or else tip of upper mandible not abruptly decurved 

 from a long, straight culmen. 

 e". Distance from anterior border of nasal hollow to nearest loral 

 feathers equal to one half or more than one half the dis- 

 tance from the same point to the tip of the bill. {Phalerea.) 

 /'. Bill about as long as the head (culmen about 1.00) ; wing 



more than 6.50 Cerorhinca. (Page 11.) 



/'. Bill much shorter than head (culmen less than .75) ; wing 

 less than 6.50. 

 g^. Upper mandible broader than deep at base ; culmen 

 nearly straight. (Wing about 5.00.) 



Ptychoramphus. (Page 12.) 



g'. Upper mandible higher than broad at base; culmen 



decidedly curved. 



h}. Lower mandible very narrow, strongly and very 



regularly recurved, the tip acute ; edge of 



upper mandible very regularly convex. CWing 



5.25-6.00.) Cyclorrhynchus. (Pago 12.) 



A'. Lower mandible more than half as deep as the 

 upper, not recurved, or else tip not acute ; 

 upper mandible with edge nearly straight or 

 else not regularly convex. (Wing 5.25 or 



less.) Simorhynchus. (Page 12.) 



e". Distance from anterior border of nasal hollow to nearest loral 



feathers equal to not more than one-fourth the distance 



from the same point to the tip of the bill. {Brachyramphece.) 



/'. Tai-si scutellate in front, much longer than the horny 



portion of the commissure. 



Synthliboramphus. (Pago 13.) 

 p. Tarsi reticulate in front, not longer than horny portion of 



commissure Brachyramphus. (Page 14.) 



d}. Gonys occupj-ing less than half the total length of the lower man- 

 dible ; culmen straight to near the tip, where abruptly decurved. 

 (^Cepphece.) 



Loral feathers forming an acute angle. (Wing 6.50-7.50 ; 



culmen 1.00 or more.) Cepphus. (Page 16.) 



c*. Nostrils completely concealed or enclosed within a dense, velvety 

 feathering, which extends from the lores to or beyond their an- 

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