TRiyCA. 153 



with roilili^h In-own ami profusely dotted with creamy white; umler 

 parts very slightly washed with warm bufl'." (Dresseh.) Length 10.00- 

 11.00, winf 6.50, tail 2.50. Hab. Sea-coasts throughout northern hemi- 

 sphere and uearly throughout southern hemisphere in winter; in North 

 America, shores of the Great Lakes also. 



234. T. canutus Linn. Knot. 

 b''. Wing more than 7.00; summer udult with lower parts white, heavily 

 spotted anteriorly with dusky; wing 7.40, tail 2.80, culmen l.GO, tar- 

 sus 1.35, middle toe .85. Hab. Coast of Eastern Asia (Japan, etc.). 



T. crassirostris Temm. & Sculko. Large-billed Sandpiper.' 

 Wing less than 6.00 ; middle tail-feathers asually longer and more pointed than 



the rest. 

 bK Tarsus shorter than middle toe (with claw), the latter decidedly shorter 

 than exposed culmen. (Subgenus Arquatella Baird.) 

 c'. Summer adult and young with little if any rusty on upper parts, the 

 former without duskj^ patch or extensive clouding on breast. 



Summer adult : Top of head dusky streaked with dull light buffy ; 

 scapulars and interscapulars blackish, irregularly spotted and 

 indented with dull buff, and bordered terminally with whitish ; 

 fore-neck and chest white, streaked with dusky ; breast dull 

 light grayish, spotted with darker. Winter plumage : Upper 

 parts uniform sooty blackish, glossed with purplish, the scapu- 

 lars, interscapulars, and wing-coverts bordered terminall}- with 

 dark plumbeous-graj' ; chest uniform mouse-gray, or brownish 

 plumbeous, other lower parts white. Young: Above dusky, the 

 Bcapulars, interscapulars, and wing-coverts bordered with pale 

 bully or whitish. Downy young : Above hair-brown, lighter and 

 grayer ou hind neck, the brown irregularly marbled with black, 

 the wings, back, and rump thickly sprinkled with white downy 

 flecks; head grayish white, tinged with fulvous, variously 

 marked with black, the lores having two distinct longitudinal 

 streaks ; lower parts dull grayish white. Length 8.00-9.50, 

 wing 4.85-5.40 (5.06), culmen "l. 10-1.45 (1.20), tarsus .90-1.00 

 (.99). Eggs 1.44 X 1-02, pale olive, varying to greenish or 

 brownish or even buffy, spotted and clouded with various 

 shades of brown. Hah. Sea-coasts and shores of larger inland 

 waters of Europe and eastern North America, breeding far 

 northward; south, in winter, to Middle States and Great 



Lakes 235. T. maritima BrCnn. Purple Sandpiper. 



C*. Summer adult and .young with much rusty on U]iper parts, the iorincr 

 with a more or less distinct patch, or extensive clouding, of dusky 

 on breast. 

 el}. Smaller and darker colored. Summer adult : "Upper parts duskj-, 



> Tringa crastinttria Tesim. & ScnLEO., Faun. Jap. Avcs, 1S47, 10", pi. l-l. 

 20 



