280 h'ORTE AMERICAN BIRDS. 



Order PICI. — The Woodpeckers, Wrynecks, etc. 



(Pago 3.) 

 Families. 

 (Characters same as those given for the Order) Picidae. (Page 280.) 



Family PICID^. — The Woodpeckers. (Page 280.) 



Genera. 



a^. Outer hind-toe longer than outer anterior toe. 

 t'. Two hind-toes. 



c\ Conspicuously crested, and size very large (wing 7.00, or more). 



Campephilus. (Page 2S1.) 

 c'. "Without crest, and size small (wing not more than 5.00). 



(P. Nasal groove extending nearly to tip of bill; terminal half of bill 

 not distinctly compressed, 

 e'. Tongue greatly extensile ; plumage much varied with black 

 (or brown) and white, the latter prevailing on lower parts. 



Dryobates. (Page 281.) 



e'. Tongue very slightly extensile ; plumage uniform black, with 



white head and white spotting on basal portion of quills. 



Xenopicus. (Page 286.) 



cP. Nasal groove running out on cutting-edge of upper mandible, about 



half-way to tip ; terminal portion of bill distinctly compressed. 



Tongue scarcely extensile Sphyrapicus. (Page 288.) 



i>'. Only one hind-toe. 



Bill broad and much flattened Picoides. (Page 28G.) 



rt'. Outer hind-toe not longer than outer anterior toe. 



b\ Head conspicuously crested ; large (wing not less than 7.25 — usually 



much more) Ceophloeus. (Page 289.) 



6'. Head not crested; small or medium (wing less than 7.25 — usually much 

 less). 

 c'. Upper mandible with a distinct lateral ridge and nasal groove, the tip 

 more or less truncated ; plumage of lower parts without spots, the 

 under surface of quills and tail-feathers without j-ellow or red. 



Melanerpes. (Page 290.) 



c*. Upper mandible without distinct lateral ridge or nasal groove, the tip 



scarcely or not at all truncated ; plumage of lower parts spotted 



with black ; under surface of quills and tail-feathers chiefly yellow 



or reddish, the shafts brighter yellow or red. 



Colaptes. (Pago 295.) 



