290 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



and pule fulvous, or brownish white; wing less than 7.50. Ilah. Central 

 America and Mexico, north to Mirador and Mazallan, south to Costa Rica. 



, C. scapularis (Viu.). Delattre's Woodpecker.' 



Genus MELANERPES Swainson. (Page 280, pi. LXXXV., figs. 1-3.) 



Species. 



a}. Back, scapulars, and wing-coverts plain glo.s.sy blackish (grayish, indistinctly 

 barred with dusky in young of M. erythrocephalus). 

 i'. Lower parts, rump, and upper tail-coverts white ; plumage of neck and 

 lower parts soft, blended ; wing less than 6.00. (Subgenus Melaiierpes.) 

 c". Adult male: Whole head, neck, and chest uniform rich crimson, bordered 

 below, against white of breast, by black (this sometimes concealed) ; 

 wing-coverts, back, and scapulars glossy blue-black ; lower back, 

 rump, upper tail-coverts, lower parts, and whole exposed portion of 

 secondaries uniform pure white, the boUj^ usually tinged with orange 

 or reddish. Adult female : Similar to the male, but with inner secon- 

 daries more or less spotted, in transverse series, with black, and black 

 collar between white of breast and crimson of chest more conspicu- 

 ous. Young: Head, neck, and chest brownish gray, streaked with 

 dusky ; secondaries crossed near ends bj- one or more black bands ; 

 wing-coverts, scapulars, and back dull grajish, barred with dusky. 

 Length about 9.25-9.75, wing 5.30-5.70, tail 3.G0-3.75. Eijgs .99 X 

 .76. Hab. Eastern United States, west to Eocky Mountains (occa- 

 sionally still farther westward) ; rare or casual east of Hudson Eivcr. 

 406. M. erythrocephalus (Linn.). Red-headed Woodpecker. 

 c". Adult male: Upper parts in general, ear-coverts, and broad band across 

 chest, glossy greenish blue-black ; feathers round base of bill, 

 including chin and upper part of throat, dull black ; lower parts 

 generally, rump, tail-eoverts, patch on base of primaries, forehead, 

 and thence to lower part of throat, white, the last more or less 

 tinged with sulphur-yellow (sometimes brightlj' of this color) ; 

 crown and occiput crimson-red. Adult female : Similar to the male, 

 but fore-part of crown glossy blue-black. Young: Similar to adults, 

 with same sexual difference in color of crown, but colors duller. 

 tZ'. Width of white or yellow frontal patch and black crown-patch 

 in female together decidcdlj- greater than width (longitudi- 

 nally) of red occipital patch ; white or j-eliow frontal band not 

 less than .30 wide ; wing averaging decidedly more than 5.50. 

 e". Greater part, or whole, of chest streaked with white; wing 

 5.30-5.90 (5.54), tail 3.10-3.60 (3.42). culmen, 1.10-1.22 

 (1.16). Hab. Central America and Southeastern Mexico, 



' Piciis ncapmarh Vio., Zciol. .Jour. iv. :S2S-2U, 354. 



