OTOCORIS. 347 



pale dull buffy, suvrounding a narrow submargin of dark brown ; chest ocbra- 

 ceous-bufly. indistinctly streaked or spotted with bright tawnj- brownish. JVest on 

 ground in meadows or open grassy places. Eggs 3-G, dull buffy whitish, pale 

 ijravish brown, etc., thickly speckled or sprinkled with umber-brown, the latter 

 color sometimes nearly uniform. 



(''. Duller or grayer in color, the upper parts, chest, etc., with tawny tinge less 

 pronounced, black spots or streaks on back averaging narrower, and bill 

 shorter ; length about 7.00-7.7.5, wing 4.35-4.C0, tail 2.90-3.10, exposed cul- 

 men .-IS-SO, tarsus .90-1.00. Eggs .88 X -66. Hub. Europe and portions of 

 Asia and Africa ; accidental in Greenland and Bermudas, and introduced, 

 though not successful!}- naturalized, in eastern United States (Long Islaml, 

 near Cincinnati, etc.) 473. A. arvensis Linn. Skylark. 



a'. Brighter or more tawnj- in color, black spots on back averaging larger, and bill 

 longer ; length 6.80-7.80 (7.30), wing 4.25-4.70, tail 2.85-3.00, exposed cul- 

 men .43-52, tarsus .95-1.10. Hab. Commander Islands, Kamtschatka, Kurils, 

 and northern Japan ; western Aleutians (?). 



A. blakistoni STE.j>r. Kamtschatkan Skylark.' 



Gem-s OTOCORIS Bonaparte. (Page 346, pi. XCYL, fig. 2.) 



Species. 



CoM.MON Characters. — Adult males in spring and summer: Above varying from 

 vinaceous-gray to tawny cinnamon, the back and scapulars grayer or browner, and 

 more or less distinctly streaked with darker; a broad patch covering fore-part and 

 sides of crown, lores, patch beneath eye (covering also anterior and lower portion 

 of car-coverts), and patc-h across chest, uniform black ; bar or band across forehead 

 and extending backward as a broad superciliary stripe, middle portion of eai*- 

 covcrts, malar region, chin, throat, and sides of neck, varying from pure white to 

 deep primrose-yellow, the hinder portion of ear-coverts more or less distinctly gray- 

 ish ; si<les (especially of breast) vinaceous or cinnamon, like nape, etc., the flanks 

 usually somewhat streaked ; rest of lower parts usualh* white, but sometimes (in 

 0. giraudl and 0. strigafa) pai-tly or even wholly pale j-ellow ; wings (except lesser 

 and middle coverts) grayish brown, the feathers edged with paler; tail (except 

 middle feathers) black, the outer web of exterior feather chiefly white, and that of 

 next feather edged, toward tip, with same. Adult males in fall and ivinter : Essen- 

 tially like the foregoing, but black markings of head more or less obscured by 

 light-colored tips to feathers, the plumage generally softer and colors more blended, 

 the chest often streaked, clouded, or washed with grayish. Adult females : Similar 

 to males, but decidedly smaller, with black head-markings much less distinct (that 

 on top of head never well defined or continuous), the bold pattern of these mark- 

 ings as seen in the male seldom more than merely indicated ; vinaceous or cinnamon 

 tints of males much less pronounced (.'<ometimes almost wholly wanting), and 

 plumage generally more extensively streaked. (Seasonal differences as in males.) 



> Alauda btakiiloni Stejx., Proc. Biol. Soo. Wash. ii. Apr. 10, 1SS4, 9S. 



