394 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



iP. Tarsus not more than .85 (usual!}- much less), culmcn not more 

 than .50 (usually less), wing usually much less than 4.30, tail 

 usually less than 3.00. 

 e'. General color dcej) cinnamon-brown. 



/'. Gray of hind-head strictly limited to that portion above 

 the ear-coverts; length 5.75-6.85, wing 3.80-4.40 (4.11), 

 tail 2.75-3.30 (3.00), culmen .40-.50 (.46), tarsus .75- 

 .86 (.79). Hab. Breeding on higher mountains from 

 Eocky Mountains of British America to Mt. AVhitney, 

 California; migrating in winter through Rocky Moun- 

 tain district of Utiited States to Colorado; east, occasion- 

 ally, to western Iowa 524. L. tephrocotis Swains. 



Gray-crowned Leucosticte. 

 p. Gray of hind-head spread more or less extensively below 

 upper margin of ear-coverts, sometimes involving en- 

 tire head, except the black frontal patch ; length about 

 6.30-7.00, wing 3.80-4.30 (4.03), tail 2.70-3.30 (2.95), 

 culmen .40-.50 (.46), tarsus .75-.85 (.77). ITah. Pacific 

 coast ranges of northwestern North America; in win- 

 ter, coast, from Kadiak southward, and southeastward 

 through mountains of the Great Basin to western 

 Nevada and eastern Montana and Colorado. 



524(1. L. tephrocotis littoralis (B.\ird). 

 Hepburn's Leucosticte. 

 e'. General color sooty blackish (male) or sooty slate (female). 



Adult male : Pattern of head exactly as in L. tephrocotis ; 

 the cinnamon-brown of that species replaced in the 

 male by sooty black (more brownish on back) and sooty 

 grayish in female; length about G. 50-7.00, wing 3.80- 

 4.25 (4.05), tail 2.80-3.15 (2.98), culmen .40-.45 (.43), 

 tarsus .75-80 (.78). Hub. In winter, central Rocky 

 Mountains, in Colorado and Wj'oming, west to Uintah 

 Mountains, Utah. 



525. L. atrata Ridow. Black Leucosticte. 

 (?. Head of adult (and J'oung) without any ash-gray. 



Adult male : General color light tawny brown (much loss rufes- 

 cent than in L. tephrocotis and L. littoralis), deeper on throat, 

 where sometimes tinged with purplish ; top of head blackish 

 anteriorly, grajnsh brown or brownish graj' posteriorly (not 

 markedly different from the general color of head and body), the 

 edges of the feathers more grayish, sometimes producing a 

 somewhat scaled appearance. Adult female: Similar, but very 

 much paler and duller, the pinkish tints much less distinct, 

 sometimes almost obsolete. Young: Plain light brownish, the 

 wing-coverts more huffy; no pinkish on tail-coverts, etc., nor 



