442 NORTH AM ERICA X lURDS. 



milion, back and rump deep brownish red ; tail 3.85 or more (usually 

 more than 4.00). 

 c'. Adult male with black of lores distinctly connected across forehead. 



Adult male: Head, neck, and lower parts fine vermilion, the crest 

 much duller (more like color of upper parts). Adult female 

 with breast, etc., grayish buffy or light tawny ; upper parts 

 olive-grayish (wings and tail much as in the male) ; capis- 

 trum {i.e., diil'eremly coloi'cd patch round base of bill, including 

 upper part of throat) dull light grayish. Length 7.50-9.25, 

 wing (male) 3.55-4.00 (3.70), tail 3.90-4.60 (4.20), culmen .72- 

 .82 (.78), de]>th of bill through base .60-.67 (.02), tarsus .90-1.00 

 (.97). Erjgs .99 X -73. Ilab. Eastern United Slates, north regu- 

 larly to 40° (casually or irregularly nearly to northern border), 

 west to edge of Great Plains, south to Gulf coast (Florida to 



(<4.) southern Texas) 593. C. cardinalis (Linn.). Cardinal. 



c'. Adult males with black of lores not connected across forehead ; bill 



stouter. 



(?'. Colors paler than in C. virginianus, the female with the capis- 



trum grayish white and very indistinct. 



fii. Larger: Length (male) about 9.40-9.50, wing 4.00-4.15 (4.06), 



tail 4.60-5.10 (4.97), culmen .85-.90 (.86), depth of bill at 



base .65-.70 (.68), tarsus 1.07-1.12 (1.08). Eggs 1.00 X -75. 



JIab. Western Mexico, south to Mazatlan, north to southern 



Arizona 593((. C. cardinalis superbus Kiniiw. 



Arizona Cardinal. 



e*. Smaller: Length (male) about 8.00-8.50, wing 3.60-3.80 



(3.70), tail 4.30-4.60 (4.46), culmen .75-.85 (.79), depth of 



bill at base .62-.68 (.60), tarsus .95-1.05 (1.01). E>jgs 1.00 



X -"2. Ilab. Lower California 593i. C. cardinalis 



igneus (Baird). Saint Lucas Cardinal. 



d'. Colors darker and richer than in C. cardimdis, the iemale with 



the capistruin dark grayish, or graj-ish black, verj- distinct. 



e". Larger: Wing (adult males) usually more than 3.60, tail 4.20, 



or more. 



Wing 3.50-3.85 (3.67), tail 4.20-4.50 (4.29), culmen .80- 

 .90 (.87), depth of bill at baso .60-.70 (.67), tarsus .95- 

 3.05 (1.02). Ilab. Eastern and central Mexico (north 

 to Mirador). 



C. cardinalis coccineus HiDOW. Mexican Cardinal.' 



e'. Smaller: Wing (adult males) le.ss than 3.60, tail less than 



4.20. 



/'. Brighter colored, with smaller bill ; female with breast, 



etc., bright ochraceous-tawny, back tawny olive, the 



• Cardinatit viryinianua var. coccineut RiDGW., Am. Jour. Sci. &■ Arts, v. Jan. 1873, 39. 



