454 NORTH A.MEIilCAX JIIUDS. 



on middle portion. (^Adult males plain vcrmilion-red, darker and 



duller on upper surface. Adult females plain ocLraceous-olive or 



dull olivc-yellowisli above, dull light saffron-yellow beneath.) 



<■/'. Smaller, with relatively shorter bill, wings, and tail, and deeper or 



darker colors ; length 7.00-7.95, wing 3.55-3.95 (3.69), tail 2.80- 



3.15 (2.99), eulmen .82-.90 (.86), tarsus .70-.80 (.74). Ejgs .92 



X -68, light greenish blue, speckled or spotted, chiefly on larger 



end, with purplish brown and vandyko-brown. Mab. Eastern 



United States, north regularly to New Jersey, Ohio, Illinois, 



etc., irregulai-ly or casually to Connecticut, Ontario, and even 



Nova Scotia ; west to edge of Great Plains ; south, in winter, 



through western Cuba, eastern Mexico, and Central America to 



northern South America. 



610. P. rubra (Linn.). Summer Tanager. 

 d'. Largei', with relatively hmger bill, wings, and tail, and with colors 

 lighter; length 7.00-8.50, wing 3.70-4.10 (3.94), tail 3.00-3.60 

 (3.26), eulmen .88-.98 (.93), tarsus .75-.85 (.80). Eggs .93 X 

 .69. JIab. Western Mexico and southwestern United States, 

 north to Colorado (Denver) and Arizona. 



610(?. P. rubra cooperi Eidgw. Cooper's Tanager. 

 c'. Cutting-edge of upper mandible with a distinct angle or tooth-like pro- 

 jection in middle portion, 

 d*. Culmen decidedly shorter than tarsus. 



e'. Adult male : Rich, pure scarlet, with wings and tail uniform 

 deep black. Adult female: Olive-green above, the wings 

 and tail more grayish (sometimes dusky graj-ish) ; lower 

 parts dull light greenish yellow. Length 6.50-7.50. wing 

 3.55-3.90, tail 2.80-3.25, exposed eulmen about .55-60. 

 Eggs .94 X -65, essentially similar in coloration to those 

 of P. rubra. JIab. Eastern United States and southern 

 Canada, west to edge of Great Plains ; in winter, south 

 through West Indies, eastern Mexico, and Central America 

 to Peru and Bolivia. 



608. P. erythromelas Vieill. Scarlet Tanager. 

 e'. Adult male: Above dull red, strongly tinged with grayish on 

 back, etc. ; lower parts light vermilion, strongly shaded 

 on sides and flanks with brownish gray ; ear-coverts dull 

 grayish red, or reddish graj', narrowly streaked with 

 white. Adidt female: Above olive-green, the back more 

 graj'ish ; beneath olive-yellow, strongly shaded with olive 

 on sides and flanks. Young: Above olive (more grayish 

 on back), the top of head indistinctlj", the back distinctly, 

 streaked with dusky; lower parts pale yellow, the chest, 

 breast, upper belly, sides, and flanks distinctly streaked 

 with blackish. Length 7.30-8.20, wing 3.70-t.20, tail 3.20- 



