6 
the number of antennal joints. Later investigations, and particu- 
larly the discovery of two new closely allied genera which the writer 
has described in the Journal of the Linnzan Society of London as Her- 
bertia and Erotolepsia, have, however, convinced Mr, Ashmead, as he 
tells me in conversation, that Hunotus must properly be placed with the 
Pirenine.' 
On the whole, not much attention has been paid to the insects of this 
subfamily in Europe. This is probably largely due to the fact that 
almost no attempt has been made to rear the parasites of Coccide. It 
results, therefore, that the aphelinine fauna of the United States is bet- 
ter known than that of Europe. A number of species were reared in 
the Department of Agriculture by Professor Comstock when he was 
engaged upon his study of the scale insects of the United States in 1880, 
and it fell to the lot of the writer to describe the new forms. Sites 
then others have been reared from time to time and described as indi- 
cated above. Mr. Ashmead has also described several forms. Fitch 
described one which he placed in the genus Platygaster; Haldeman, as 
above stated, described two; Le Baron described one (placing it, by the 
way, in the proper genus), and the Abbé Provancher has described two, 
viz, Coccophagus brunneus and COC, pallipes. Unfortunately, however, 
'. brunneus is evidently a tetrastichine, while C. pallipes is a Sympiezts 
belonging to the subfamily Eulophine. 
The Aphelinine are distinguished from their nearest allies, the 
Kupelminz and Encyrtine, by the fact that the mesopleura are divided, 
the middle legs are not specially developed for saltatory purposes 
(although the insects jump well), and the first tarsal joint of the middle 
lees is not incrassate, the antenne are not more than eight-jointed, and 
the parapsidal sutur seer sulisiine: The mandibles are small, two to three 
dentate, the maxillary palpi are three-jointed, and the labial palpi are 
represented by an elongate tubercle. The antenne are inserted near 
the clypeus; the scape is long and slender. The front wings lack the 
postmarginal vein and the abdomen is broadly sessile. In the yellow 
species, when mounted in balsam, the curious internal structure which 
is called by Bugnion in his “ Developpement, etc., de ?Eneyrtus fusci- 
collis,” the “‘mesophragma” (and which, from the fact that it seems to 
originate from the hinder portion of the mesoscutellum, is probably 
Z The host eens of Umer were not known until £. lividus Ashm. was found in 
a lot of parasites sent me by Mr. W. G. Johnson, of the Illinois State Laboratory of 
Natural History on May 1, 1895. Mr. Johnson had reared this series from a Lecanium 
on plum, together with many specimens of Pachyneuron altiscuta How. The Euno- 
tus is probably a primary and the Pachyneuron a secondary parasite of the Lecanium. 
This coccid parasitism would upparently strengthen the idea of the aphelinine 
affinity of Eunotus; but it must be remembered that Tomocera californica How., 
a true Pirenine, is the most abundant parasite of Lecanium scales in California and 
Hawaii. 
