22 THE BACTERIA OF THE APIARY. 



Lactose. — Growth takes place in both arms of the tube, but the sugar is not 

 split into either acid or gas. 



Saccharose. — Growth occurs in both arms of the tube, neither acid nor gas 

 being formed. 



LevuJose. — Growth takes place in both arms with the production of gas and 

 acid ; one-third of the closed arm is filled. The ratio of hydrogen to carbon 

 dioxid is about 3 to 1 — that is, greater than 1. 



Maltose. — The medium in both arms of the tube becomes clouded. Fermenta- 

 tion results in the production of gas sufficient to fill about one-fifth of the 

 tube. Only a small portion of the gas is absorbed by sodium hydroxid, leaving 

 behind an explosive gas. 



Mannite. — The medium in both In-anches of the tube becomes clouded ; gas 

 is not formed. Reaction alkaline. 



Potato water. — About one-fifth of the closed arm is filled with gas. Reacti6n 

 acid. 



A[/ar slant. — A moderate, grayish-white, glistening, nonspreading growth is 

 formed along the surface inoculated with the loop. 



Serum. — A moderate, gray, glistening, nonspreading growth takes place on 

 the inclined surface. No liquefaction occurs. 



Potato. — A feeble, grayish growth is observed. The potato becomes slightly 

 discolored. 



3Iilk. — No coagulation occurs, and no gas is produced. Reaction alkaline. 



Litmus milk. — The medium slowly becomes more and more alkaline. 



Gelatin. — A moderate, white growth takes i)lace along the line of inocula- 

 tion. On the surface it spreads with irregular margin. No liquefaction occurs. 



Acid agar. — A moderate growth appears. 



Indol. — Indol is produced. 



Nitrates. — Reduction to nitrites (.?). 



Bacillus E. 



Occurrence. — Isolated from the intestine of healthy honey bees. 



Gelatin colonies. — The colonies are lemon-yellow. Surface colonies are con- 

 vex, smooth, with entire margin ; when magnified they are finely granular. 

 Deep colonies, when magnified, are lenticular, finely granular, and may appear 

 dark green. Liquefaction takes place slowly. 



Morplwlogy. — The rods are short, with rounded ends, and usually occur singly. 

 The bacilli are 1.5/i to 2// in length and 0.7/^ in thickness. This species pos- 

 sesses a few peritrichic flagella. 



Motility. — The bacteria are actively motile. 



Spores. — No spores are present. 



Gram's stain.- — They stain with Gram's stain. 



Oxygen requirements. — Aerobic. 



Bonillon. — The medium becomes uniformly clouded in 24 hours. Later a 

 tough, yellowish-white membrane is formed, which sinks upon shaking. The 

 medium is very viscid in old cultures. Reaction alkaline. 



Glucose. — Growth is confined to the open bulb. No gas formation occurs. 

 Reaction slightly acid. 



Lactose. — There is a marked mucous-like appearance in the medium. Reac- 

 tion alkaline. 



Saccharose. — Reaction acid. 



Levulose. — Reaction alkaline. 



Maltose. — Reaction alkaline. 



Mannite. — Reaction slightly acid. 



