GLOSSARY 



Acuminate. With a sharp point at the end. 



Allantois. An embryonic membrane which serves as an organ of respiration. 



Amnion. An embryonic membrane which completely envelopes the developing 



embryo. 

 Amphibious. Living in the water and on the land interchangeably at one and the 



same time of life. 

 Anal gland. A glandular diverticulum of the rectum, from which an odoriferous 



substance is discharged. It is well developed in some snakes. 

 Anal plate. The large ventral plate just in front of the vent, in snakes and 



lizards. 

 Annulations. Bands of color around the body or the appendages. 

 Bridge. A bony connection, at the sides of the body, between the carapace and 



plastron of turtles. 

 Canthus rostratus. A marginal elevation, marking the junction of the top of the 



head with the sides of the head. 

 Carapace. The bony or cartilaginous dorsal shield of a turtle. 

 Cephalic. Pertaining to the head. 

 Compressed. Flattened, as by pressure from the sides. 

 Costals. A row of large plates on each side of the central row of plates of the 



carapace of turtles. See Fig. 37, No. 2. 

 Costal grooves. A series of horizontal grooves on the sides of the abdomen of 



salamanders. 

 Depressed. Flattened as by pressure from above and below. 

 Epiglottis. A cartilaginous flap just in front of the upper end of the trachea. 

 Fangs. The long hollow or grooved teeth of the venomous reptiles. 

 Femoral pores. Small openings usually arranged in a single row, on the upper 



half of the hind legs of many lizards. 

 Frontal plate. A large plate near the middle of the top of the head. See Fig. 36, 



Nos. 7 and 11. 

 Fronto-parietal plate. A small plate lying between the frontal and the parietal 



plates on either side. 

 Genial. The anterior pair of the four plates lying near the middle of the mental 



region. See Fig. 18, No. i. 

 Glottis. The upper end of the trachea. 

 Gular fold. A fold of skin across the under side of the throat. 

 Gular sac. A sac on the throat of the males of many amphibians which when 



expanded acts as a resonator for the voice. 

 Immaculate. Without markings. 

 Infralabials. Also called inferior labials. A row of scales along the margin of 



the lower jaw. See Fig. 35, No. 3. 

 Inframarginals. Small plates just ventral to the marginals of the carapace of 



turtles. 

 Internasals. Plates on the top of the head of snakes and lizards, between the 



nasals. See Figs. 35 and 36, No. 8. 

 Interoculars. Plates on the top of the head between the eyes. 



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