311 



running back from each eye to the pelvis, forming an interrupted baud 

 along the side. On the tail the spots are usually conflueut into vertical 

 bars. 



The length of adult specimens is usually about five inches. I have a 

 specimen from Pennsylvania that is 6.5 inches long. 



This species ranges from Maine and Wisconsin south to Florida and 

 Louisiana. In Indiana it has been taken at Waveland, Montgomery 

 County (A. W. Butler); in Monroe County (Ind. Univ. coll.); "Caves 

 of Southern Indiana" (D. S. Jordan); Harrison County (Prof. Hallett, 

 with specimens). It is possible that the reports of this species from Mon- 

 roe County and " Caves of Southern Indiana" refer to the Spelerpes ma- 

 cidicai((lus, which is found there. 



This is one of the most beautiful and interesting of our batrachians. 

 Its brilliant colors, its graceful form, and its innocent habits demand for 

 it attention and kindly protection. It appears to prefer for its haunts 

 rocky ground and the fissures of caves. Prof. Cope says that he has 

 never seen it in the water. Others regard it as to a great extent aquatic. 



Harlan {o9, 96) states that it inhabits the swamps of New Jersey. It 

 undoubtedly enters the water in order to deposit its spawn. I have been 

 able to learn nothing about its food or about its breeding habits. 



Spelerpes maculieaudus, (Cope). 



Hoosier Salamander. 



Figure 4, PL\. 



Gynnophilm maculieaudus, Cope, 1890, 22, xxiv, 966, with figures ; 

 Spelerpes macidicaudus, Hay, 1891, 22, 1133. 



A species resembling closely S. longicaudus, but differing in form, ar- 

 rangement of vomerp-palatiue teeth, and color. Head broader and flatter 

 than in longicaudus, contained in distance to groin 5 to 5.5 times. The 

 distance from snout to axilla in distance to groin 3.5 times against 4 times 

 in longicaudus. Tail long and compressed, containing head and body 1.5 

 times. Costal grooves 13 or 14, one more than in longicaudus. Arrange- 

 ment of vomero-palatine teeth different from that in longicaudus. In this 

 latter, the series runs forward toward the choaua and then turns outward 

 behind it, not reaching as far forward as its hinder border. In maculieau- 

 dus, the series runs forward to a point in advance of the hinder border 

 of the choana, or even to its anterior border, and then turns abruptly out- 

 ward and backward, so as to produce the form of a hook. 



The ground-color varies from orange to vermillion red. That of longi- 

 caudus being usually lemon yellow, sometimes becoming reddish brown or 

 orange. The head and body are irregulary spotted with black dots about 

 the size of .the puj)il, or larger. The tail is similarly spotted, but the 

 spots do not incline to form vertical bars, as in longicaudus. The lower 

 surface is uniform. 



