174 

 APPENDIX. 



The following species seem to require description here on account of 

 the fact that they have been found not far from the borders of Indiana, 

 ■and may, therefore, yet be taken within our limits. 



Ambystoma xiphias, (Cope). 

 Sword-tailed Salamander. 



Amhhjstoma xiphias, Cope, 1866, 1, 192; 1889, 51, 87, with figures; 

 Boulenger, 1882, 28, 45. 



The only known specimen of this species is in the National Museum, 

 and was taken at Columbus, Ohio. It is a very close relative of A. tigri- 

 num. The head is narroAver, the width being contained in the distance 

 from the snout to the groin 4.5 times. The lower jaw projects promi- 

 nently beyond the snout. The tail is longer than in most specimens of 

 A. tigrinum, being considerably longer than the rest of the animal. The 

 color, also, is diflTerent, yellow predominating in A. xiphias, dusky in 

 A. tigrinum. Any specimens of apparent tigrinum which have peculiari- 

 ties approaching those here mentioned should be carefully preserved and 

 examined. Prof. W. S. Blatchley has shown me a specimen from Terra 

 Haute which has the color peculiarities of xiphias, but it lacks the pro- 

 jecting jaw and the very long tail. It appears to be a true A. tigrinum. 



Ambystoma talpoideum, (Holbrobk). 

 Mole Salamander. 



Salamandra talpoidea, Holbrook, 04-, v, 73, pi. 24; Amhhjstoma talpoi- 

 deum. Cope, 1889, 51, 52, with figures ; Boulenger, 1882, S8, 40. 



Most of the known specimens of this species are from the Southern 

 States, but it has been sent to the National Museum by R. Keunicntt, 

 from about Cairo, III. It is, therefore, to be sought for in the south- 

 western portion of our own State. 



It is the smallest, stoutest, and most clumsily constructed of the species 

 of the genus. The head is described as being broad and large, the width 

 being contained in the length to the groin 3.5 times. There are only ten 

 costal grooves. The tail is very short, being contained in the rest of the 

 length 1.5 times. The color is a light brown, paler below, with sprink- 

 lings and marblings of silvery or leaden gray. There are some obscue 

 dark spots on the back and tail. The length of the animal when full 

 grown is less than four inches. Prof. Cope states that it lives in damp 

 places below logs and stones. 



