23 
. Citrus family. Its hardiness, freedom from thorns, and vigor recom. 
mend it. 
Grapes of the Vinifera type as well as those of the “stivalis group are 
subject to the root-knot, if grown on their own roots, but grafted into 
stocks of the Cordifolia or Vulpina races have made superb growths 
free of the disease. 
I have found no stock for Fig or Mulberry that has stood the test. 
For the Peach family either the seedlings of the Wild Goose Plum, 
the Marianna, or the recently introduced Japanese Plums, Kelsey, Sat- 
suma, or Ogru, are valuable. Three years’ test of the Marianna prove 
that for that time, at least, the roots resisted the Anguillula and were 
free from knots. When the peach died the Myrobolan was infected 
slightly, and even the native plums suffered with the disease. It is too 
soon to give an unqualified approval of this as a stock, but so far it is 
the very best, growing from cuttings and very rapidly, making a tree 
that is nearly borer-proof as well as free from the Anguillule. 
Some seedlings of our American Plums are destined to replace the 
Peach as a stock, unless the Japanese varieties prove superior. 
I have found nothing of value for the English Walnut as a stock, nor 
for the Weeping Willow. 
I have indicated the probable line of action to mitigate or prevent the 
disease in gardens—the use of alkaline fertilizers, the exposure to frost, 
the gathering of diseased roots to burn, the removal of certain weeds, 
and the disuse of land and cow peas. 
EXTENT OF DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF THE DISEASE. 
Within the district infected by the Anguillula it would be well nigh 
an impossibility to give even an approximate idea of the losses sus- 
tained each year by the farmer, the gardener, and the horticulturist 
from the ravages of this worm. 
All over the southern section of the United States hundreds of market 
gardens have been planted at an immense outlay of time and money, only 
to have the fields of vegetables blighted from this mysterious trouble, as 
if scorched by fire or frost. Thousands of trees have been planted only 
to dwindle away and die; and, as the defect has been usually ascribed 
to the fertilizer or the climate, the injury has been enormous, while the 
real cause has not been suspected, and, as far as I know, no effort made 
to ascertain aremedy. The Orange is slightly affected now, but in the 
future, when the soil will be filled with cysts and worms, Urange trees 
will be as uncertain, I fear, as the Peach or Fig at the present time. 
From the best testimony I can get, in the early days of the white im- 
migration, except in damp locations, peaches grew without any disease, 
save the “Borer.” Now, in many places, the trees that do well are the 
exception, and in these locations it is idle waste of time, labor, trees, and 
fertilizers to attempt the culture of an orchard. 
In such infected spots the usual program is to apply some costly 
