62 
On the same day this experiment was begun, a second was also com- 
menced, like the first in every particular except that the healthy bugs 
used, in experimentation, were exposed to fungus infested individuals 
for only five hours, and then placed under their respective glasses. As 
a result on ‘August 15, thirteen days after, none had died, thus strongly 
indicating that the Hntomophthora did not exist generally in the fields, 
and that it could not be communicated during a period of five hours, 
exposure. 
On August 7 a large number of healthy bugs were placed under 
glass, with a number which had recently died from Hntomophthora, the 
moisture in the vessel being absorbed by calcium chloride. A check 
experiment was also commenced, where the material and the condi- 
tions were the same, except the humidity of the atmosphere, care being 
taken to have the latter as nearly saturated with moisture as possible. 
August 10, the original experiment was divided and a portion of the 
healthy bugs removed and placed in a damp environment, the remain- 
der being kept under the original dry conditions. The results on 
August 22 were as follows. In the original experiment, where the 
healthy bugs had been continually in dry quarters, not a single bug 
had died from Entomophthora. Not only this, but none of those which 
had been removed after three days and placed in dry quarters had died, 
showing that the disease was not contracted and did not develop in 
healthy bugs, though kept exposed in a dry atmosphere for fifteen 
days, nor could it be originated by placing, in a damp atmosphere, for 
twelve days, bugs which had been exposed to contagion for three days 
in dry quarters. The results withthe check experiment were quite dif- 
ferent. Within five days after being confined with the Yntomophthora, 
the healthy bugs began to die from effects of the disease, and in three 
days more every one had died from the same cause, their bodies being 
covered with spores. 
Still another experiment was tried which consisted in confining a 
large number of healthy bugs with others diseased in a damp environ- 
ment, and when the fungus had destroyed a portion the remainder were 
divided and a part removed to dry quarters. Theresult was that while 
those left in damp confinement continued to die, none of those inclosed 
in dry environment were destroyed. As the fungus had by this time be- 
come distributed over the experiment farm so that I could not tell with 
certainty whether material from the fields was in a perfectly healthy 
condition or not, no farther experiments were made in this direction. 
From the foregoing it will be observed that the essential element in 
all of these experiments was an abundance of moisture, without which 
the Hntomophthora could neither become established nor flourish after 
it had gained a footing. Again the extent to which the disease will 
prove contagious will depend upon the number of bugs. Without 
great numbers massed together comparatively few would contract the 
disease. To sum up the matter there is little hope for relief to the 
farmer from the influence of Hntomophthora, except when Chinch Bugs 
stn ticki: 
