104 
are less destructive to them save in a few instances. Only a very few 
borers work in healthy young trees in this region. 
Remedies tried and suggested.—Only a few remedies have been gener- 
ally tried against these pests in the region of tree claims, and most of 
these were confined to the various methods of ‘“hand-picking” and 
crushing. Spraying and dusting with poisons and kerosene emulsions, 
or the use of road dust, ashes, air-slaked lime, ete., have been reported 
only ina very few instances. Any or all of these methods of warfare when 
properly carried on and used intelligently, in accordance with the habits 
of the insect that is being fought, will repay one for the time thus 
spent. 
LOCUSTS OR GRASSHOPPERS. 
Aside from several local outbreaks there has been no special damage 
done during the year by locusts within the United States. Of course, 
you are already acquainted with the particulars in connection with the 
local injuries, of which the chief are the following: The Rocky Mount- 
ain or migratory species at Nephi City, Utah; the same in Otter Tail 
County, Minnesota; and the lesser and red-thighed species in the mount- 
ain districts of the New England States. The Utah outbreak was 
partly investigated by me at the time (May) of its occurrence, through 
correspondence with the Hon. James B. Darton, of Nephi City. That 
gentleman supplied me with specimens at different times from which the 
insects under consideration were determined. The conclusions at which 
1 then arrived were reported to Mr. Howard in your absence. If I 
remember rightly, both the Rocky Mountain (Melanoplus spretus) and 
the California locust (Camnula pellucida) were found among the material 
received from Mr. Darton. The Otter Tail outbreak has been very care- 
fully written up by Mr. Otto Lugger, of the Minnesota Experiment Sta- 
tion; while Mr.C. L. Marlatt, of the Entomological Division, has reported 
on the New England outbreak. 
While it is not my intention to devote much time to the subject of 
locust abundance and injuries, I do wish to say a few words concerning 
the fungoid disease known as Entomophthora caloptent of Bessey. Dur- 
ing the present summer this disease has been unusually abundant in 
and around the city of Lincoln, Nebr. Several species o1 our native 
locusts were attacked by it; but the large yellow one, known as the 
Melanoplus differentialis Thomas, was destroyed by the thousands. 
Whether the fungus in question was more plentiful than usual, and 
did its work of extermination more effectually than during previous 
summers; or, whether it was on account of my being surrounded by a 
number of students in botany, and located next door to the botanical 
laboratory, that attracted my attention to these, 1 do not know. The 
impression is, however, that the former is the true explanation. On 
the University campus alone, where differentialis hatehed quite plen- 
tifully and began doing considerable injury to various small trees and 
