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above, fumigated 240 orange trees in one night, and that the average 
for each night was over 200 trees, the latter being 8 feet or less in 
height. 
Trees over 12 feet tall will require a derrick of some kind for the pur- 
pose of putting on the tent and removing it again. For this purpose a 
stout mast is erected in the center of a strong framework mounted 
upon the running gears of a common farm wagon, the height of the 
mast depending upon the height of the trees to be operated upon. This 
mast is braced in four directions, and to the upper end of it is firmly 
attached a cross-piece, extending transversely to the length of the 
wagon, and long enough to reach from one row of trees to another. To 
each end of this cross-piece are attached small pulleys, through which 
pass ropes which are attached to the tents; by pulling down on these 
ropes the tents are drawn up to the cross piece after which the wagon 
is drawn ahead until the tents are directly over two of the trees to be 
treated; the ropes are then let out and the tents lowered down over 
the trees. The ropes are usually attached to the lower edge of the 
tents as well as to their apices, and when the tent is to be taken off of 
the tree the ropes attached to the bottom of it are first pulled down- 
ward, thus drawing the lower part of the tent up to the cross-piece 
first, and in a measure tarning the tent inside out. But for this device 
it would be necessary to have the cross-piece at least twice the height 
of the trees to be operated upon. This apparatus is drawn between 
two rows of trees and the trees on each side of it treated with, the gas. 
It iscustomary for the men themselves to draw the fumigator from tree 
to tree, thus doing away with the use of horses for this purpose. Stout 
planks are frequently used for the wheels of the fumigator to run upon. 
A fumigator of this kind, without the accompanying wagons and tents, 
ean be built for about $15, it being the cheapest and simplest apparatus 
ever used for this purpose. It has not as yet been patented, and is 
more largely used at the present time than any other kind, operating 
the tents successfully even upon the largest orange trees. The first 
fumigator of this kind was built by Mr. O. H. Leefeld, a prominent 
orange-grower of Orange, and a man who has had considerable experi- 
ence as a machinist. 
Within the past few weeks a new kind of a fumigator has been 
brought out by Mr. W. H. Souther, of Covina, Los Angeles County, 
Cal. This, like the preceding one, is mounted upon a common farm 
wagon, and operates two tents, one on either side of it. At each end 
of this fumigator are four upright posts attached at their lower ends to 
the framework, which is mounted on the wagon; the outermost posts 
are shorter than the inner ones, and to the upper end of each is attached 
a long spar by a hinged joint, which allows the spar to be moved back 
and forth transversely to the length of the wagon. The two spars on 
one side of the fumigator are connected with each other near their upper 
ends by means of a wooden cross-piece, and are drawn back and forth 
