3 OUR SHADE TREES AND THEIR INSECT DEFOLIATORS. 
the well-known Wheel-bug (Prionidus cristatus, see Fig. 16) and a few 
other Soldier-bugs being the only species which occasionally suck its 
juices. Nocturnal birds, and especially bats, will, no doubt, devour 
many of the male moths flying about after dusk, but the destruction of 
Fic. 16.—Prionidus cristatus: eggs, larve, and full-grown specimens. 
a portion of the males has no appreciable influence on the decrease of 
the worms of the next generation. The egg-masses appear to be effect- 
ually protected by the froth-like covering, as neither bird nor predaceous 
insect has been observed to destroy them. 
While the list of enemies that devour the species is thus small, that 
of the parasites is fortunately quite large, and it is due to their influ- 
ence that the caterpillars are not permanently injurious. There are sev- 
eral true parasites of this insect. Fitch described one species which 
he bred in considerable numbers from the larva, as Trichogramma? 
orgyie, but a perusal of his account indicates plainly that this parasite 
is an Hulophus. He also described a closely-related insect as Tricho- 
gramma? fraterna and gave it as a very probable parasite of Orgyia. 
There is, however, not the slightest evidence of such parasitism and 
this insect must in future be excluded from the list of parasites of the 
Orgyia larve. We have reared from this insect Pimpla inquisitor, and 
an undetermined Tachinid fly, and have had from the larva the cocoons 
of a Microgaster which has not been reared to the imago. We have 
also bred a true egg-parasite of the genus Telenomus, two distinct 
species of the genus Pteromalus from the larve, and Mr. Lintner has 
