4 PAPERS ON CEREAL AND FORAGE INSECTS. 
Mandible (fig. 3, d) short, very broad at base, almost as broad as long, tapering 
abruptly to a sharp point; outer face convex and smooth, with a small seta near 
center; ferruginous at base and black at extremity, strongly curved; inner face 
concave, with two small notches midway of superior margin and one small notch near 
extremity of inferior margin. 
Mavillx (fig. 3, c) inserted far to the rear, large, fleshy, curving considerably, thus 
inclosing the labium; extending considerably beyond tips of mandibles; distal 
extremity bearing the two-jointed palpus and the lacinia. Each maxilla bears a 
number of sete, one large and two small ones occurring on outer face, a large one at 
outer and one at inner angle of base of palpus, and two small ones and one large one 
caudad of these. The lacinia is a brushlike organ bearing a fringe of stout bristles. 
Maxillary palpi (fig. 3, c) two-jointed; first joint slightly obconical, about as thick 
as long, bearing several sete on the outer face; the second joint is a slightly truncated 
cone, and much smaller than the first joint, and bears a number of minute sete at 
the apex. 
The labium (fig. 3, c) is a very simple organ inserted between bases of maxillee, 
fleshy, rectangular; distal extremity sharply rounded and fringed with minute setée, 
with two larger sete at tip; four sete forming a semicircle near center, the two in 
the center much the largest; a large seta at inner angle of base of each palpus. Labial 
palpi (fig. 3, c) very minute, two-jointed; first joint cylindrical; second joint almost 
cylindrical but much smaller than the first and slightly rounded at tip, bearing 
several minute sete. 
Prothorax as large as the two following segments combined; viewed from side 
triangular in form; not wrinkled or folded but finely striate; dorsally the posterior 
margin extends back for a considerable distance into the mesothorax. The meso- 
thorax and metathorax lie at quite an angle with the abdominal segments; posterior 
margin of dorsum of mesothorax extending back to center of metathorax. Meta- 
thorax about same width as mesothorax, except on dorsum, where it is somewhat 
narrower. 
Legs fleshy, cone-shaped, four-jointed; first joint very large and more like a pro- 
jection of the thorax than a joint of the leg; second joint obconical, very short, and 
very much smaller than the first; third joint cylindrical, short, and very small; 
fourth joint the smallest of all, obconical, rounded at apex, and bearing three spines 
at tip; a whorl of spines at each joint on outer face; segments very imperfectly defined 
in most cases. 
Abdomen composed of nine segments, all of which are broader than the mesothorax 
or metathorax. First six segments bearing on their dorsal surface two round, fleshy, 
somewhat retractile elevations or tubercles (M. Perris, in his Larves des Coléoptéres, 
calls them ‘‘ampoule ambulatoire.”’) These tubercles are almost circular in form 
and the apex is crumpled and folded and bears several small setae. Dorsum of the 
seventh segment with a slight transverse ridge bearing a number olf recurved bristles; 
eighth segment bearing a number of bristles, which are more numerous near posterior 
margin, all directed backward. First eight segments with a large fold extending 
their full length on eachdateral face, most prominent near center of segments, at which 
points there are a number of bristles directed slightly to the rear. Ninth segment 
somewhat cone-shaped, densely covered with stout bristles, ending posteriorly in a 
two-pointed, chitinous projection; just below this, dorsally, are two chitinous spurs 
or tubercles. 
Stigmata: Nine pairs of stigmata, one pair in mesothoracic region just above and 
slightly in front of insertion of legs and a pair to each of the first eight abdominal 
segments, very near the anterior margin and just above the lateral fold. They are 
circular in form, the thoracic being slightly the larger. 
