6 PAPERS ON CEREAL AND FORAGE INSECTS. 
bearing each two recurved, fan-shaped, fleshy elevations or tubercles, increasing in 
size with each successive segment (fig. 4, d); each elevation simple and bearing a 
fringe of bristles directed to the rear. 
Last three segments bearing a number of bristles; cone-shaped projection of seventh 
rather thickly studded and last segment densely covered with stout bristles, all 
directed to the rear. 
THE ADULT. 
(Fig. 1.) 
The description by Le Conte is as follows: 
Hind tibia with two oblique ridges on the outer face; ridges parallel, the anterior 
one extending almost across the outer face of the tibia; first joint of the hind tarsi with 
three, second with two oblique ridges; elytra ferruginous, with the suture and margin 
blackish; ferruginous, black limb of the elytra very narrow; abdomen, and sometimes 
the hind coxze and pectus, blackish. 9-11. 
LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS. 
THE EGG. 
Females have never been observed in the act of oviposition and 
the period of incubation of the eggs has never been determined. The 
latter would be rather difficult to obtain, as eggs that are deposited 
in living plant tissue rarely hatch after they have been exposed to 
the air. 
As stated above, the egg is usually deposited at and slightly below 
the center of the first or second joint from the top, within the plant 
tissues. 
The number of eggs that one individual is capable of depositing has 
not been ascertained. Upon dissection females have never been 
found to contain more than four fully developed eggs and several 
immature ones, but they probably deposit a much greater number 
than this. 
THE LARVA. 
Upon hatching, the young larva apparently destroys the tissue 
immediately surrounding it, thus forming a minute cell or cavity. 
It then eats its way into the center of the stem and starts downward, 
tunneling the joints as it reaches them, and at harvest time the 
earlier ones are below the fourth joint, where they will be out of 
danger of the mower. By fall they have reached a point just above 
the bulb. 
THE MOVEMENTS OF THE LARVA IN THE STEM. 
The manner in which the larva propels itself up and down the stem 
is very interesting. It can ascend or descend the stem, forward or 
backward, apparently with equal facility. Themaxillee, which extend 
beyond the mandibles, the true legs, the dorsal tubercles or feet, and 
the anal segment all play a part in its movements. In going forward 
the abdomen is advanced by means of the dorsal tubercles, which act . 
