ORGANIZATION. 43 
body—throwing in and throwing out—are so related and 
involved, especially in the lower forms, that they can not 
be sharply defined and classified. It has been said that ev- 
ery Dog has two lives—a vegetative and an animal. The 
former includes the processes of digestion, circulation, res- 
piration, secretion, etc., which are common to all life; the 
functions of the other, as motion, sensation, and will, are 
peculiar to animals. The heart is the centre of the vege- 
tative life, and the brain is the centre of the animal life. 
The aim of the vegetative organs is to nourish the individ- 
ual, and reproduce its kind; the organs of locomotion and 
sense establish relations between the individual and the 
world without. The former maintain life; the others ex- 
press it. The former develop, and afterward sustain the 
latter. The vegetative organs, however, are not independ- 
ent of the animal; for without muscles and nerves we 
could not procure, masticate, and digest food. The closer 
the connection and dependence between these two sets of 
organs, the higher the rank.” 
All the apparatus and phenomena of life may be in 
cluded under the heads of 
Norrition, 
Morton, 
‘SENSATION. 
These three are possessed by all animals, but in a varie- 
ty of ways. No two species have exactly the same mech- 
anism and method of life. We must learn to distinguish 
between what is vital and what is only accessory. That 
only is essential to life which is common to all forms of 
life. Our brains, stomachs, livers, hands, and feet are 
luxuries. They are necessary to make us human, but not 
living, beings. Half of our body is taken up with a com- 
plicated system of digestion; but the Amceba has neithe1 
mouth nor stomach. We have an elaborate apparatus of 
motion ; the Oyster can not stir an inch. 
