346 COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 
but the arms are always somewhat shorter than the legs. 
In all the great Apes the arms reach below the knee, and 
the legs of the Chimpanzee and Gorilla are relatively 
shorter than Man’s. 
Man only has a finished hand, most perfect as an organ 
of touch, and most versatile. Both hand and foot are rel- 
atively shorter than in the Apes. The foot is plantigrade ; 
the leg bears vertically upon it; the heel and great toe are 
longer than in other Primates; and the great toe is not 
a 
Fig. 347.—Foot (a) and Hand (6) of the Gorilla. 
opposable, but is used only as a fulcrum in locomotion. 
The Gorilla has both an inferior hand and inferior foot. 
The hand is clumsier, and with a shorter thumb than 
Man’s; and the foot is prehensile, and is not applied flat 
to the ground.” 
The scapular and pelvic bones are extremely broad, and 
the neck of the femur remarkably long. Man is also sin- 
gular in the double curve of the spine: the Baboon comes 
nearest to Man in this respect. 
The human skull has a smooth, rounded outline, eleva- 
ted in front, and devoid of crests. The cranium greatly 
predominates over the face, being four to one ;** and no 
other animal (except the Siamang Gibbon) has a chin. 
Man stands alone in the peculiarity of his dentition: his 
