TURBO. ool 
hypothesis, the carina on the whorls of the Melania is nearly 
central, whereas the characteristic of the Linnean species is 
the being keeled or marginated at the suture. Nevertheless, 
it is expedient to refer the latter, though with a note of 
interrogation appended, to that shell, for there is reason to 
believe that the Linnean account was wholly derived from 
Gualtier’s engraving. 
Turbo HiVews. 
From the language and synonymy of the ‘Systema,’ no doubt 
seems ever to have been entertained as to the modern generic 
location of the Turbo bidens: universal opinion points to 
Clausilia. Of that genus I found three or four species in the 
collection (some possibly added since), of which one alone 
agrees with the expression “sutura subcrenata.” As the cata- 
logue proves that our author possessed the described shell, it 
is this individual, which alone of the contents of his cabinet 
accords with the description, that should be regarded as the 
type. It has been fairly represented in Rossmiissler’s ‘ Icono- 
graphie’ (pt. 3, pl. 12, f. 169, 170), and is the Cl. papillaris of 
modern writers. 
Of the cited figures that of Bonanni is the preferable; and, 
when its details are corrected by the description, is sufficiently 
illustrative to have been referred to in an age when the general 
effect, and not a careful attention to specific character, was 
alone expected from the engraver. Gualtier’s drawing (pl. 4, 
f. c) exhibits only a single horn-like plica, and must certainly 
be omitted from any future synonymy. 
Turbo perbersus. 
One shell alone in the entire collection of Linnzeus, who has 
recorded his possession of the species, aptly corresponds with 
his description. This specimen is the Balea perversa of Gray’s 
‘Manual of the Land and Freshwater Shells of the British 
Islands’ (f. 70), as had already been divined by the writers 
upon British conchology. Their correct determination of the 
